Articles | Volume 15, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7043-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7043-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Nov 2018
Research article |
| 27 Nov 2018
| 27 Nov 2018
Alteration of nitrous oxide emissions from floodplain soils by aggregate size, litter accumulation and plant–soil interactions
Martin Ley
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 30, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
Moritz F. Lehmann
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 30, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
Pascal A. Niklaus
Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Jörg Luster
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Related authors
No articles found.
Owen A. Sherwood, Samuel H. Davin, Nadine Lehmann, Carolyn Buchwald, Evan N. Edinger, Moritz F. Lehmann, and Markus Kienast
Biogeosciences, 18, 4491–4510, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4491-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4491-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Pacific water flowing eastward through the Canadian Arctic plays an important role in redistributing nutrients to the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Using samples collected from northern Baffin Bay to the southern Labrador Shelf, we show that stable isotopic ratios in seawater nitrate reflect the fraction of Pacific to Atlantic water. These results provide a new framework for interpreting patterns of nitrogen isotopic variability recorded in modern and archival organic materials in the region.
Sigrid van Grinsven, Kirsten Oswald, Bernhard Wehrli, Corinne Jegge, Jakob Zopfi, Moritz F. Lehmann, and Carsten J. Schubert
Biogeosciences, 18, 3087–3101, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3087-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3087-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Lake Lovojärvi is a nutrient-rich lake with high amounts of methane at the bottom, but little near the top. Methane comes from the sediment and rises up through the water but is consumed by microorganisms along the way. They use oxygen if available, but in deeper water layers, no oxygen was present. There, nitrite, iron and humic substances were used, besides a collaboration between photosynthetic organisms and methane consumers, in which the first produced oxygen for the latter.
Yunhua Chang, Yan-Lin Zhang, Sawaeng Kawichai, Qian Wang, Martin Van Damme, Lieven Clarisse, Tippawan Prapamontol, and Moritz F. Lehmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7187–7198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7187-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7187-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we integrated satellite constraints on atmospheric NH3 levels and fire intensity, discrete NH3 concentration measurement, and N isotopic analysis of NH3 in order to assess the regional-scale contribution of biomass burning to ambient atmospheric NH3 in the heartland of Southeast Asia. The combined approach provides a valuable cross-validation framework for source apportioning of NH3 in the lower atmosphere and will thus help to ameliorate predictions of biomass burning emissions.
Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Fritz H. Schweingruber, Pascal A. Niklaus, and Gabriela Schaepman-Strub
Biogeosciences, 17, 4981–4998, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4981-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4981-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Changes on plant traits associated with climate warming might alter vegetation–climate interactions. We investigated experimentally the effects of enhanced permafrost thaw and soil nutrients on a wide set of tundra shrub traits. We found a coordinated trait response to some treatments, which suggests a shift in shrub resource, growth and defence strategies. This shift might feed back into permafrost thaw – through mechanisms associated with water demand – and into carbon and energy fluxes.
Anna-Neva Visser, Scott D. Wankel, Pascal A. Niklaus, James M. Byrne, Andreas A. Kappler, and Moritz F. Lehmann
Biogeosciences, 17, 4355–4374, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4355-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4355-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on the chemical reaction between Fe(II) and nitrite, which has been reported to produce high levels of the greenhouse gas N2O. We investigated the extent to which dead biomass and Fe(II) minerals might enhance this reaction. Here, nitrite reduction was highest when both additives were present but less pronounced if only Fe(II) minerals were added. Both reaction systems show distinct differences, rather low N2O levels, and indicated the abiotic production of N2.
Adeline N. Y. Cojean, Jakob Zopfi, Alan Gerster, Claudia Frey, Fabio Lepori, and Moritz F. Lehmann
Biogeosciences, 16, 4705–4718, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4705-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4705-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Our results demonstrate the importance of oxygen in regulating the fate of nitrogen (N) in the sediments of Lake Lugano south basin, Switzerland. Hence, our study suggests that, by changing oxygen concentration in bottom waters, the seasonal water column turnover may significantly regulate the partitioning between N removal and N recycling in surface sediments, and it is likely that a similar pattern can be expected in a wide range of environments.
Yunhua Chang, Yan-Lin Zhang, Jiarong Li, Chongguo Tian, Linlin Song, Xiaoyao Zhai, Wenqi Zhang, Tong Huang, Yu-Chi Lin, Chao Zhu, Yunting Fang, Moritz F. Lehmann, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12221–12234, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12221-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12221-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The present work underscores the value of cloud water dissolved inorganic nitrogen isotopes as carriers of quantitative information on regional NOx and NH3 emissions. It sheds light on the origin and production pathways of nitrogenous species in clouds and emphasizes the importance of biomass-burning-derived nitrogenous species as cloud condensation nuclei in China’s troposphere. Moreover, it highlights the rapid evolution of NOx emissions in China.
Haoyi Yao, Wei-Li Hong, Giuliana Panieri, Simone Sauer, Marta E. Torres, Moritz F. Lehmann, Friederike Gründger, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 16, 2221–2232, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2221-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2221-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
How methane is transported in the sediment is important for the microbial community living on methane. Here we report an observation of a mini-fracture that facilitates the advective gas transport of methane in the sediment, compared to the diffusive fluid transport without a fracture. We found contrasting bio-geochemical signals in these different transport modes. This finding can help to fill the gap in the fracture network system in modulating methane dynamics in surface sediments.
Yunhua Chang, Yanlin Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Shichun Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Fang Cao, Xiaoyan Liu, Wenqi Zhang, Thomas Kuhn, and Moritz F. Lehmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11647–11661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11647-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11647-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate that it is imperative that future studies, making use of isotope mixing models to gain conclusive constraints on the source partitioning of atmospheric NOx, consider this N isotope fractionation. Future assessments of NOx emissions in China (and elsewhere) should involve simultaneous δ15N and δ18O measurements of atmospheric nitrate and NOx at high spatiotemporal resolution, allowing former N-isotope-based NOx source partitioning estimates to be reevaluated more quantitatively.
Lea Steinle, Johanna Maltby, Tina Treude, Annette Kock, Hermann W. Bange, Nadine Engbersen, Jakob Zopfi, Moritz F. Lehmann, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 14, 1631–1645, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1631-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1631-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Large amounts of methane are produced in anoxic, coastal sediments, from which it can seep into the overlying water column. Aerobic oxidation of methane (MOx) mediated by methanotrophic bacteria is an important sink for methane before its evasion to the atmosphere. In a 2-year seasonal study, we investigated the spatio-temporal variability of MOx in a seasonally hypoxic coastal inlet using radiotracer-based methods. In experiments, we assessed the effect of variable oxygen concentrations on MOx.
S. D. Wankel, C. Buchwald, W. Ziebis, C. B. Wenk, and M. F. Lehmann
Biogeosciences, 12, 7483–7502, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7483-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7483-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In the sediments underlying the global oligotrophic ocean, low levels of microbial activity persist, despite low input of organic matter from surface ocean productivity. Using measured nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of porewater nitrate we estimate the magnitude and extent of microbial nitrogen cycling. We find evidence for the overlap of both denitrification as well as autotrophic pathways such as nitrification and nitrogen fixation, pointing to a relatively large role for subsurface autotrophy.
M. Schirmer, J. Luster, N. Linde, P. Perona, E. A. D. Mitchell, D. A. Barry, J. Hollender, O. A. Cirpka, P. Schneider, T. Vogt, D. Radny, and E. Durisch-Kaiser
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2449–2462, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2449-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2449-2014, 2014
C. V. Freymond, C. B. Wenk, C. H. Frame, and M. F. Lehmann
Biogeosciences, 10, 8373–8383, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8373-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8373-2013, 2013
M. Alkhatib, P. A. del Giorgio, Y. Gelinas, and M. F. Lehmann
Biogeosciences, 10, 7609–7622, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7609-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7609-2013, 2013
R. Zurbrügg, S. Suter, M. F. Lehmann, B. Wehrli, and D. B. Senn
Biogeosciences, 10, 23–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-23-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-23-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Soils
Global patterns and drivers of phosphorus fractions in natural soils
Reviews and syntheses: Iron – a driver of nitrogen bioavailability in soils?
Soil priming effects and involved microbial community along salt gradients
How well does ramped thermal oxidation quantify the age distribution of soil carbon? Assessing thermal stability of physically and chemically fractionated soil organic matter
Differential temperature sensitivity of intracellular metabolic processes and extracellular soil enzyme activities
Mapping soil organic carbon fractions for Australia, their stocks, and uncertainty
Adjustments of the Rock-Eval® thermal analysis for soil organic and inorganic carbon quantification
Technical note: The recovery rate of free particulate organic matter from soil samples is strongly affected by the method of density fractionation
Ecosystem-specific patterns and drivers of global reactive iron mineral-associated organic carbon
Deforestation for agriculture leads to soil warming and enhanced litter decomposition in subarctic soils
Temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon respiration along a forested elevation gradient in the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda
The influence of elevated CO2 and soil depth on rhizosphere activity and nutrient availability in a mature Eucalyptus woodland
The paradox of assessing greenhouse gases from soils for nature-based solutions
Management-induced changes in soil organic carbon on global croplands
Pore network modeling as a new tool for determining gas diffusivity in peat
Temperature sensitivity of dark CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils
Effects of precipitation seasonality, irrigation, vegetation cycle and soil type on enhanced weathering – modeling of cropland case studies across four sites
Stable isotope profiles of soil organic carbon in forested and grassland landscapes in the Lake Alaotra basin (Madagascar): insights in past vegetation changes
Reviews and syntheses: The promise of big diverse soil data, moving current practices towards future potential
Dynamics of rare earth elements and associated major and trace elements during Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) litter degradation
To what extent can soil moisture and soil Cu contamination stresses affect nitrous species emissions? Estimation through calibration of a nitrification–denitrification model
Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry of organic matter in Swedish forest soils and its relationship with climate, tree species, and soil texture
Soil geochemistry as a driver of soil organic matter composition: insights from a soil chronosequence
Leaching of inorganic and organic phosphorus and nitrogen in contrasting beech forest soils – seasonal patterns and effects of fertilization
Age and chemistry of dissolved organic carbon reveal enhanced leaching of ancient labile carbon at the permafrost thaw zone
Soil organic carbon stabilization mechanisms and temperature sensitivity in old terraced soils
Effect of organic carbon addition on paddy soil organic carbon decomposition under different irrigation regimes
Soil profile connectivity can impact microbial substrate use, affecting how soil CO2 effluxes are controlled by temperature
Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe: feasibility and projected impacts of climate change based on Century simulations of long-term arable experiments
Cycling and retention of nitrogen in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) ecosystems under elevated fructification frequency
Mercury mobility, colloid formation and methylation in a polluted Fluvisol as affected by manure application and flooding–draining cycle
Simulating measurable ecosystem carbon and nitrogen dynamics with the mechanistically defined MEMS 2.0 model
Similar importance of edaphic and climatic factors for controlling soil organic carbon stocks of the world
Representing methane emissions from wet tropical forest soils using microbial functional groups constrained by soil diffusivity
Long-term bare-fallow soil fractions reveal thermo-chemical properties controlling soil organic carbon dynamics
Geochemical zones and environmental gradients for soils from the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica
Age distribution, extractability, and stability of mineral-bound organic carbon in central European soils
Denitrification in soil as a function of oxygen availability at the microscale
Key drivers of pyrogenic carbon redistribution during a simulated rainfall event
Subsurface flow and phosphorus dynamics in beech forest hillslopes during sprinkling experiments: how fast is phosphorus replenished?
Estimating maximum fine-fraction organic carbon in UK grasslands
Millennial-age glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in forested mineral soils: 14C-based evidence for stabilization of microbial necromass
Particles under stress: ultrasonication causes size and recovery rate artifacts with soil-derived POM but not with microplastics
Deepening roots can enhance carbonate weathering by amplifying CO2-rich recharge
Vertical mobility of pyrogenic organic matter in soils: a column experiment
Vertical partitioning of CO2 production in a forest soil
Interactions between biogeochemical and management factors explain soil organic carbon in Pyrenean grasslands
Reviews and syntheses: Ironing out wrinkles in the soil phosphorus cycling paradigm
Herbicide weed control increases nutrient leaching compared to mechanical weeding in a large-scale oil palm plantation
Reviews and syntheses: The mechanisms underlying carbon storage in soil
Xianjin He, Laurent Augusto, Daniel S. Goll, Bruno Ringeval, Ying-Ping Wang, Julian Helfenstein, Yuanyuan Huang, and Enqing Hou
Biogeosciences, 20, 4147–4163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4147-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4147-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We identified total soil P concentration as the most important predictor of all soil P pool concentrations, except for primary mineral P concentration, which is primarily controlled by soil pH and only secondarily by total soil P concentration. We predicted soil P pools’ distributions in natural systems, which can inform assessments of the role of natural P availability for ecosystem productivity, climate change mitigation, and the functioning of the Earth system.
Imane Slimani, Xia-Zhu Barker, Patricia Lazicki, and William Horwath
Biogeosciences, 20, 3873–3894, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3873-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3873-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There is a strong link between nitrogen availability and iron minerals in soils. These minerals have multiple outcomes for nitrogen availability depending on soil conditions and properties. For example, iron can limit microbial degradation of nitrogen in aerated soils but has opposing outcomes in non-aerated soils. This paper focuses on the multiple ways iron can affect nitrogen bioavailability in soils.
Haoli Zhang, Doudou Chang, Zhifeng Zhu, Chunmei Meng, and Kaiyong Wang
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-114, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-114, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a 90 days of indoor incubation, and found soil microbial community was mainly controled by soil pH and EC. By O2PLS, we found Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria (Luteimonas, Hoeflea and Stenotrophomonas) dominant in these soils were the core microbial taxa that affecting the process of organic C mineralization. To clarify the priming effects and involved microbial groups would help us better understanding C sequestration potential and underlying mechanisms in saline soils.
Shane W. Stoner, Marion Schrumpf, Alison Hoyt, Carlos A. Sierra, Sebastian Doetterl, Valier Galy, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 20, 3151–3163, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3151-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soils store more carbon (C) than any other terrestrial C reservoir, but the processes that control how much C stays in soil, and for how long, are very complex. Here, we used a recent method that involves heating soil in the lab to measure the range of C ages in soil. We found that most C in soil is decades to centuries old, while some stays for much shorter times (days to months), and some is thousands of years old. Such detail helps us to estimate how soil C may react to changing climate.
Adetunji Alex Adekanmbi, Laurence Dale, Liz Shaw, and Tom Sizmur
Biogeosciences, 20, 2207–2219, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2207-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2207-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The decomposition of soil organic matter and flux of carbon dioxide are expected to increase as temperatures rise. However, soil organic matter decomposition is a two-step process whereby large molecules are first broken down outside microbial cells and then respired within microbial cells. We show here that these two steps are not equally sensitive to increases in soil temperature and that global warming may cause a shift in the rate-limiting step from outside to inside the microbial cell.
Mercedes Román Dobarco, Alexandre M. J-C. Wadoux, Brendan Malone, Budiman Minasny, Alex B. McBratney, and Ross Searle
Biogeosciences, 20, 1559–1586, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1559-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1559-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is of a heterogeneous nature and varies in chemistry, stabilisation mechanisms, and persistence in soil. In this study we mapped the stocks of SOC fractions with different characteristics and turnover rates (presumably PyOC >= MAOC > POC) across Australia, combining spectroscopy and digital soil mapping. The SOC stocks (0–30 cm) were estimated as 13 Pg MAOC, 2 Pg POC, and 5 Pg PyOC.
Joséphine Hazera, David Sebag, Isabelle Kowalewski, Eric Verrecchia, Herman Ravelojaona, and Tiphaine Chevallier
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-66, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-66, 2023
Preprint under review for BG
Short summary
Short summary
This study adapts the Rock-Eval® protocol to optimize SOC and SIC quantifications on one aliquot of calcareous soil. The standard protocol properly estimates SOC contents once the TOC parameter is corrected. However, it cannot achieve a complete thermal breakdown of SIC amounts > 4 mg leading to an underestimation of high SIC contents by the MinC parameter, even after correcting it. Thus, the final oxidation isotherm must be extended to 7 min to quantify any amount of SIC.
Frederick Büks
Biogeosciences, 20, 1529–1535, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1529-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1529-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrasonication with density fractionation of soils is a commonly used method to separate soil organic matter pools, which is, e.g., important to calculate carbon turnover in landscapes. It is shown that the approach that merges soil and dense solution without mixing has a low recovery rate and causes co-extraction of parts of the retained labile pool along with the intermediate pool. An alternative method with high recovery rates and no cross-contamination was recommended.
Bo Zhao, Amin Dou, Zhiwei Zhang, Zhenyu Chen, Wenbo Sun, Yanli Feng, Xiaojuan Wang, and Qiang Wang
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-59, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-59, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
This study provided a comprehensive analysis of the spatial variability and determinants of Fe-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) among wetland, continental and marine ecosystems, and its governing factors globally. We illustrated that reactive Fe was not only an important sequestration mechanism for OC in continents, but also an effective “rusty sink” of OC preservation in wetland and marine ecosystems, i.e., a key factor for long-term OC storage in global ecosystems.
Tino Peplau, Christopher Poeplau, Edward Gregorich, and Julia Schroeder
Biogeosciences, 20, 1063–1074, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1063-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1063-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We buried tea bags and temperature loggers in a paired-plot design in soils under forest and agricultural land and retrieved them after 2 years to quantify the effect of land-use change on soil temperature and litter decomposition in subarctic agricultural systems. We could show that agricultural soils were on average 2 °C warmer than forests and that litter decomposition was enhanced. The results imply that deforestation amplifies effects of climate change on soil organic matter dynamics.
Joseph Okello, Marijn Bauters, Hans Verbeeck, Samuel Bodé, John Kasenene, Astrid Françoys, Till Engelhardt, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Ralf Kiese, and Pascal Boeckx
Biogeosciences, 20, 719–735, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-719-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-719-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The increase in global and regional temperatures has the potential to drive accelerated soil organic carbon losses in tropical forests. We simulated climate warming by translocating intact soil cores from higher to lower elevations. The results revealed increasing temperature sensitivity and decreasing losses of soil organic carbon with increasing elevation. Our results suggest that climate warming may trigger enhanced losses of soil organic carbon from tropical montane forests.
Johanna Pihlblad, Louise C. Andresen, Catriona A. Macdonald, David S. Ellsworth, and Yolima Carrillo
Biogeosciences, 20, 505–521, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Elevated CO2 in the atmosphere increases forest biomass productivity when growth is not limited by soil nutrients. This study explores how mature trees stimulate soil availability of nitrogen and phosphorus with free-air carbon dioxide enrichment after 5 years of fumigation. We found that both nutrient availability and processes feeding available pools increased in the rhizosphere, and phosphorus increased at depth. This appears to not be by decomposition but by faster recycling of nutrients.
Rodrigo Vargas and Van Huong Le
Biogeosciences, 20, 15–26, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-15-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-15-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying the role of soils in nature-based solutions requires accurate estimates of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. We suggest that multiple GHG fluxes should not be simultaneously measured at a few fixed time intervals, but an optimized sampling approach can reduce bias and uncertainty. Our results have implications for assessing GHG fluxes from soils and a better understanding of the role of soils in nature-based solutions.
Kristine Karstens, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Jan Philipp Dietrich, Marta Dondini, Jens Heinke, Matthias Kuhnert, Christoph Müller, Susanne Rolinski, Pete Smith, Isabelle Weindl, Hermann Lotze-Campen, and Alexander Popp
Biogeosciences, 19, 5125–5149, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5125-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5125-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) has been depleted by anthropogenic land cover change and agricultural management. While SOC models often simulate detailed biochemical processes, the management decisions are still little investigated at the global scale. We estimate that soils have lost around 26 GtC relative to a counterfactual natural state in 1975. Yet, since 1975, SOC has been increasing again by 4 GtC due to a higher productivity, recycling of crop residues and manure, and no-tillage practices.
Petri Kiuru, Marjo Palviainen, Arianna Marchionne, Tiia Grönholm, Maarit Raivonen, Lukas Kohl, and Annamari Laurén
Biogeosciences, 19, 5041–5058, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5041-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5041-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands are large carbon stocks. Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from peatlands may increase due to changes in management and climate. We studied the variation in the gas diffusivity of peat with depth using pore network simulations and laboratory experiments. Gas diffusivity was found to be lower in deeper peat with smaller pores and lower pore connectivity. However, gas diffusivity was not extremely low in wet conditions, which may reflect the distinctive structure of peat.
Rachael Akinyede, Martin Taubert, Marion Schrumpf, Susan Trumbore, and Kirsten Küsel
Biogeosciences, 19, 4011–4028, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4011-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4011-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soils will likely become warmer in the future, and this can increase the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. As microbes can take up soil CO2 and prevent further escape into the atmosphere, this study compares the rate of uptake and release of CO2 at two different temperatures. With warming, the rate of CO2 uptake increases less than the rate of release, indicating that the capacity to modulate soil CO2 release into the atmosphere will decrease under future warming.
Giuseppe Cipolla, Salvatore Calabrese, Amilcare Porporato, and Leonardo V. Noto
Biogeosciences, 19, 3877–3896, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3877-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3877-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Enhanced weathering (EW) is a promising strategy for carbon sequestration. Since models may help to characterize field EW, the present work applies a hydro-biogeochemical model to four case studies characterized by different rainfall seasonality, vegetation and soil type. Rainfall seasonality strongly affects EW dynamics, but low carbon sequestration suggests that an in-depth analysis at the global scale is required to see if EW may be effective to mitigate climate change.
Vao Fenotiana Razanamahandry, Marjolein Dewaele, Gerard Govers, Liesa Brosens, Benjamin Campforts, Liesbet Jacobs, Tantely Razafimbelo, Tovonarivo Rafolisy, and Steven Bouillon
Biogeosciences, 19, 3825–3841, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3825-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3825-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to shed light on possible past vegetation shifts in the Central Highlands of Madagascar, we measured stable isotope ratios of organic carbon in soil profiles along both forested and grassland hillslope transects in the Lake Alaotra region. Our results show that the landscape of this region was more forested in the past: soils in the C4-dominated grasslands contained a substantial fraction of C3-derived carbon, increasing with depth.
Katherine E. O. Todd-Brown, Rose Z. Abramoff, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Hava K. Blair, Stevan Earl, Kristen J. Frederick, Daniel R. Fuka, Mario Guevara Santamaria, Jennifer W. Harden, Katherine Heckman, Lillian J. Heran, James R. Holmquist, Alison M. Hoyt, David H. Klinges, David S. LeBauer, Avni Malhotra, Shelby C. McClelland, Lucas E. Nave, Katherine S. Rocci, Sean M. Schaeffer, Shane Stoner, Natasja van Gestel, Sophie F. von Fromm, and Marisa L. Younger
Biogeosciences, 19, 3505–3522, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Research data are becoming increasingly available online with tantalizing possibilities for reanalysis. However harmonizing data from different sources remains challenging. Using the soils community as an example, we walked through the various strategies that researchers currently use to integrate datasets for reanalysis. We find that manual data transcription is still extremely common and that there is a critical need for community-supported informatics tools like vocabularies and ontologies.
Alessandro Montemagno, Christophe Hissler, Victor Bense, Adriaan J. Teuling, Johanna Ziebel, and Laurent Pfister
Biogeosciences, 19, 3111–3129, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3111-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3111-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the biogeochemical processes that dominate the release and retention of elements (nutrients and potentially toxic elements) during litter degradation. Our results show that toxic elements are retained in the litter, while nutrients are released in solution during the first stages of degradation. This seems linked to the capability of trees to distribute the elements between degradation-resistant and non-degradation-resistant compounds of leaves according to their chemical nature.
Laura Sereni, Bertrand Guenet, Charlotte Blasi, Olivier Crouzet, Jean-Christophe Lata, and Isabelle Lamy
Biogeosciences, 19, 2953–2968, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2953-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2953-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study focused on the modellisation of two important drivers of soil greenhouse gas emissions: soil contamination and soil moisture change. The aim was to include a Cu function in the soil biogeochemical model DNDC for different soil moisture conditions and then to estimate variation in N2O, NO2 or NOx emissions. Our results show a larger effect of Cu on N2 and N2O emissions than on the other nitrogen species and a higher effect for the soils incubated under constant constant moisture.
Marie Spohn and Johan Stendahl
Biogeosciences, 19, 2171–2186, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2171-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2171-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We explored the ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) of organic matter in Swedish forest soils. The N : P ratio of the organic layer was most strongly related to the mean annual temperature, while the C : N ratios of the organic layer and mineral soil were strongly related to tree species even in the subsoil. The organic P concentration in the mineral soil was strongly affected by soil texture, which diminished the effect of tree species on the C to organic P (C : OP) ratio.
Moritz Mainka, Laura Summerauer, Daniel Wasner, Gina Garland, Marco Griepentrog, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, and Sebastian Doetterl
Biogeosciences, 19, 1675–1689, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1675-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1675-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The largest share of terrestrial carbon is stored in soils, making them highly relevant as regards global change. Yet, the mechanisms governing soil carbon stabilization are not well understood. The present study contributes to a better understanding of these processes. We show that qualitative changes in soil organic matter (SOM) co-vary with alterations of the soil matrix following soil weathering. Hence, the type of SOM that is stabilized in soils might change as soils develop.
Jasmin Fetzer, Emmanuel Frossard, Klaus Kaiser, and Frank Hagedorn
Biogeosciences, 19, 1527–1546, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1527-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1527-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As leaching is a major pathway of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in forest soils, we investigated several potential drivers in two contrasting beech forests. The composition of leachates, obtained by zero-tension lysimeters, varied by season, and climatic extremes influenced the magnitude of leaching. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization varied with soil nutrient status and sorption properties, and leaching from the low-nutrient soil was more sensitive to environmental factors.
Karis J. McFarlane, Heather M. Throckmorton, Jeffrey M. Heikoop, Brent D. Newman, Alexandra L. Hedgpeth, Marisa N. Repasch, Thomas P. Guilderson, and Cathy J. Wilson
Biogeosciences, 19, 1211–1223, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Planetary warming is increasing seasonal thaw of permafrost, making this extensive old carbon stock vulnerable. In northern Alaska, we found more and older dissolved organic carbon in small drainages later in summer as more permafrost was exposed by deepening thaw. Younger and older carbon did not differ in chemical indicators related to biological lability suggesting this carbon can cycle through aquatic systems and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions as warming increases permafrost thaw.
Pengzhi Zhao, Daniel Joseph Fallu, Sara Cucchiaro, Paolo Tarolli, Clive Waddington, David Cockcroft, Lisa Snape, Andreas Lang, Sebastian Doetterl, Antony G. Brown, and Kristof Van Oost
Biogeosciences, 18, 6301–6312, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6301-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the factors controlling the soil organic carbon (SOC) stability and temperature sensitivity of abandoned prehistoric agricultural terrace soils. Results suggest that the burial of former topsoil due to terracing provided an SOC stabilization mechanism. Both the soil C : N ratio and SOC mineral protection regulate soil SOC temperature sensitivity. However, which mechanism predominantly controls SOC temperature sensitivity depends on the age of the buried terrace soils.
Heleen Deroo, Masuda Akter, Samuel Bodé, Orly Mendoza, Haichao Li, Pascal Boeckx, and Steven Sleutel
Biogeosciences, 18, 5035–5051, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5035-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5035-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We assessed if and how incorporation of exogenous organic carbon (OC) such as straw could affect decomposition of native soil organic carbon (SOC) under different irrigation regimes. Addition of exogenous OC promoted dissolution of native SOC, partly because of increased Fe reduction, leading to more net release of Fe-bound SOC. Yet, there was no proportionate priming of SOC-derived DOC mineralisation. Water-saving irrigation can retard both priming of SOC dissolution and mineralisation.
Frances A. Podrebarac, Sharon A. Billings, Kate A. Edwards, Jérôme Laganière, Matthew J. Norwood, and Susan E. Ziegler
Biogeosciences, 18, 4755–4772, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4755-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4755-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil respiration is a large and temperature-responsive flux in the global carbon cycle. We found increases in microbial use of easy to degrade substrates enhanced the temperature response of respiration in soils layered as they are in situ. This enhanced response is consistent with soil composition differences in warm relative to cold climate forests. These results highlight the importance of the intact nature of soils rarely studied in regulating responses of CO2 fluxes to changing temperature.
Elisa Bruni, Bertrand Guenet, Yuanyuan Huang, Hugues Clivot, Iñigo Virto, Roberta Farina, Thomas Kätterer, Philippe Ciais, Manuel Martin, and Claire Chenu
Biogeosciences, 18, 3981–4004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is beneficial for climate change mitigation and food security. One way to enhance SOC stocks is to increase carbon input to the soil. We estimate the amount of carbon input required to reach a 4 % annual increase in SOC stocks in 14 long-term agricultural experiments around Europe. We found that annual carbon input should increase by 43 % under current temperature conditions, by 54 % for a 1 °C warming scenario and by 120 % for a 5 °C warming scenario.
Rainer Brumme, Bernd Ahrends, Joachim Block, Christoph Schulz, Henning Meesenburg, Uwe Klinck, Markus Wagner, and Partap K. Khanna
Biogeosciences, 18, 3763–3779, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3763-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3763-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In order to study the fate of litter nitrogen in forest soils, we combined a leaf litterfall exchange experiment using 15N-labeled leaf litter with long-term element budgets at seven European beech sites in Germany. It appears that fructification intensity, which has increased in recent decades, has a distinct impact on N retention in forest soils. Despite reduced nitrogen deposition, about 6 and 10 kg ha−1 of nitrogen were retained annually in the soils and in the forest stands, respectively.
Lorenz Gfeller, Andrea Weber, Isabelle Worms, Vera I. Slaveykova, and Adrien Mestrot
Biogeosciences, 18, 3445–3465, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3445-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3445-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our incubation experiment shows that flooding of polluted floodplain soils may induce pulses of both mercury (Hg) and methylmercury to the soil solution and threaten downstream ecosystems. We demonstrate that mobilization of Hg bound to manganese oxides is a relevant process in organic-matter-poor soils. Addition of organic amendments accelerates this mobilization but also facilitates the formation of nanoparticulate Hg and the subsequent fixation of Hg from soil solution to the soil.
Yao Zhang, Jocelyn M. Lavallee, Andy D. Robertson, Rebecca Even, Stephen M. Ogle, Keith Paustian, and M. Francesca Cotrufo
Biogeosciences, 18, 3147–3171, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3147-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic matter (SOM) is essential for the health of soils, and the accumulation of SOM helps removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Here we present the result of the continued development of a mathematical model that simulates SOM and its measurable fractions. In this study, we simulated several grassland sites in the US, and the model generally captured the carbon and nitrogen amounts in SOM and their distribution between the measurable fractions throughout the entire soil profile.
Zhongkui Luo, Raphael A. Viscarra-Rossel, and Tian Qian
Biogeosciences, 18, 2063–2073, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2063-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2063-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using the data from 141 584 whole-soil profiles across the globe, we disentangled the relative importance of biotic, climatic and edaphic variables in controlling global SOC stocks. The results suggested that soil properties and climate contributed similarly to the explained global variance of SOC in four sequential soil layers down to 2 m. However, the most important individual controls are consistently soil-related, challenging current climate-driven framework of SOC dynamics.
Debjani Sihi, Xiaofeng Xu, Mónica Salazar Ortiz, Christine S. O'Connell, Whendee L. Silver, Carla López-Lloreda, Julia M. Brenner, Ryan K. Quinn, Jana R. Phillips, Brent D. Newman, and Melanie A. Mayes
Biogeosciences, 18, 1769–1786, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1769-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1769-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Humid tropical soils are important sources and sinks of methane. We used model simulation to understand how different kinds of microbes and observed soil moisture and oxygen dynamics contribute to production and consumption of methane along a wet tropical hillslope during normal and drought conditions. Drought alters the diffusion of oxygen and microbial substrates into and out of soil microsites, resulting in enhanced methane release from the entire hillslope during drought recovery.
Mathieu Chassé, Suzanne Lutfalla, Lauric Cécillon, François Baudin, Samuel Abiven, Claire Chenu, and Pierre Barré
Biogeosciences, 18, 1703–1718, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Evolution of organic carbon content in soils could be a major driver of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations over the next century. Understanding factors controlling carbon persistence in soil is a challenge. Our study of unique long-term bare-fallow samples, depleted in labile organic carbon, helps improve the separation, evaluation and characterization of carbon pools with distinct residence time in soils and gives insight into the mechanisms explaining soil organic carbon persistence.
Melisa A. Diaz, Christopher B. Gardner, Susan A. Welch, W. Andrew Jackson, Byron J. Adams, Diana H. Wall, Ian D. Hogg, Noah Fierer, and W. Berry Lyons
Biogeosciences, 18, 1629–1644, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1629-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1629-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Water-soluble salt and nutrient concentrations of soils collected along the Shackleton Glacier, Antarctica, show distinct geochemical gradients related to latitude, longitude, elevation, soil moisture, and distance from coast and glacier. Machine learning algorithms were used to estimate geochemical gradients for the region given the relationship with geography. Geography and surface exposure age drive salt and nutrient abundances, influencing invertebrate habitat suitability and biogeography.
Marion Schrumpf, Klaus Kaiser, Allegra Mayer, Günter Hempel, and Susan Trumbore
Biogeosciences, 18, 1241–1257, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1241-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of organic carbon (OC) in soil is protected against decay by bonding to minerals. We studied the release of mineral-bonded OC by NaF–NaOH extraction and H2O2 oxidation. Unexpectedly, extraction and oxidation removed mineral-bonded OC at roughly constant portions and of similar age distributions, irrespective of mineral composition, land use, and soil depth. The results suggest uniform modes of interactions between OC and minerals across soils in quasi-steady state with inputs.
Lena Rohe, Bernd Apelt, Hans-Jörg Vogel, Reinhard Well, Gi-Mick Wu, and Steffen Schlüter
Biogeosciences, 18, 1185–1201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Total denitrification, i.e. N2O and (N2O + N2) fluxes, of repacked soil cores were analysed for different combinations of soils and water contents. Prediction accuracy of (N2O + N2) fluxes was highest with combined proxies for oxygen demand (CO2 flux) and oxygen supply (anaerobic soil volume fraction). Knowledge of denitrification completeness (product ratio) improved N2O predictions. Substitutions with cheaper proxies (soil organic matter, empirical diffusivity) reduced prediction accuracy.
Severin-Luca Bellè, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Frank Hagedorn, Cristina Santin, Marcus Schiedung, Ilja van Meerveld, and Samuel Abiven
Biogeosciences, 18, 1105–1126, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1105-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1105-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Controls of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) redistribution under rainfall are largely unknown. However, PyC mobility can be substantial after initial rain in post-fire landscapes. We conducted a controlled simulation experiment on plots where PyC was applied on the soil surface. We identified redistribution of PyC by runoff and splash and vertical movement in the soil depending on soil texture and PyC characteristics (material and size). PyC also induced changes in exports of native soil organic carbon.
Michael Rinderer, Jaane Krüger, Friederike Lang, Heike Puhlmann, and Markus Weiler
Biogeosciences, 18, 1009–1027, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1009-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1009-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified the lateral and vertical subsurface flow (SSF) and P concentrations of three beech forest plots with contrasting soil properties during sprinkling experiments. Vertical SSF was 2 orders of magnitude larger than lateral SSF, and both consisted mainly of pre-event water. P concentrations in SSF were high during the first 1 to 2 h (nutrient flushing) but nearly constant thereafter. This suggests that P in the soil solution was replenished fast by mineral or organic sources.
Kirsty C. Paterson, Joanna M. Cloy, Robert M. Rees, Elizabeth M. Baggs, Hugh Martineau, Dario Fornara, Andrew J. Macdonald, and Sarah Buckingham
Biogeosciences, 18, 605–620, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-605-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-605-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon sequestration across agroecosystems worldwide can contribute to mitigating the effects of climate change by reducing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The maximum carbon sequestration potential is frequently estimated using the linear regression equation developed by Hassink (1997). This work examines the suitability of this equation for use in grasslands across the United Kingdom. The results highlight the need to ensure the fit of equations to the soils being studied.
Hannah Gies, Frank Hagedorn, Maarten Lupker, Daniel Montluçon, Negar Haghipour, Tessa Sophia van der Voort, and Timothy Ian Eglinton
Biogeosciences, 18, 189–205, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-189-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-189-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding controls on the persistence of organic matter in soils is essential to constrain its role in the carbon cycle. Emerging concepts suggest that the soil carbon pool is predominantly comprised of stabilized microbial residues. To test this hypothesis we isolated microbial membrane lipids from two Swiss soil profiles and measured their radiocarbon age. We find that the ages of these compounds are in the range of millenia and thus provide evidence for stabilized microbial mass in soils.
Frederick Büks, Gilles Kayser, Antonia Zieger, Friederike Lang, and Martin Kaupenjohann
Biogeosciences, 18, 159–167, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-159-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-159-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrasonication/density fractionation is a common method used to extract particulate organic matter (POM) and, recently, microplastic (MP) from soil samples. In this study, ultrasonic treatment with mechanical stress increasing from 0 to 500 J mL−1 caused comminution and a reduced recovery rate of soil-derived POMs but no such effects with MP particles. In consequence, the extraction of MP from soils is not affected by particle size and recovery rate artifacts.
Hang Wen, Pamela L. Sullivan, Gwendolyn L. Macpherson, Sharon A. Billings, and Li Li
Biogeosciences, 18, 55–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-55-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Carbonate weathering is essential in regulating carbon cycle at the century timescale. Plant roots accelerate weathering by elevating soil CO2 via respiration. It however remains poorly understood how and how much rooting characteristics modify flow paths and weathering. This work indicates that deepening roots in woodlands can enhance carbonate weathering by promoting recharge and CO2–carbonate contact in the deep, carbonate-abundant subsurface.
Marcus Schiedung, Severin-Luca Bellè, Gabriel Sigmund, Karsten Kalbitz, and Samuel Abiven
Biogeosciences, 17, 6457–6474, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The mobility of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) in soils is largely unknow, while it is a major and persistent component of the soil organic matter. With a soil column experiment, we identified that only a small proportion of PyOM can migrate through the soil, but its export is continuous. Aging and associated oxidation increase its mobility but also its retention in soils. Further, PyOM can alter the vertical mobility of native soil organic carbon during its downward migration.
Patrick Wordell-Dietrich, Anja Wotte, Janet Rethemeyer, Jörg Bachmann, Mirjam Helfrich, Kristina Kirfel, Christoph Leuschner, and Axel Don
Biogeosciences, 17, 6341–6356, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6341-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6341-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The release of CO2 from soils, known as soil respiration, plays a major role in the global carbon cycle. However, the contributions of different soil depths or the sources of soil CO2 have hardly been studied. We quantified the CO2 production for different soil layers (up to 1.5 m) in three soil profiles for 2 years. We found that 90 % of CO2 production occurs in the first 30 cm of the soil profile, and that the CO2 originated from young carbon sources, as revealed by radiocarbon measurements.
Antonio Rodríguez, Rosa Maria Canals, Josefina Plaixats, Elena Albanell, Haifa Debouk, Jordi Garcia-Pausas, Leticia San Emeterio, Àngela Ribas, Juan José Jimenez, and M.-Teresa Sebastià
Biogeosciences, 17, 6033–6050, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6033-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6033-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The novelty of our work is that it presents a series of potential interactions between drivers of soil organic carbon at broad scales in temperate mountain grasslands. The most relevant contribution of our work is that it illustrates the importance of grazing management for soil carbon stocks, indicating that interactions between grazing species and soil nitrogen and herbage quality may be promising paths in order to design further management policies for palliating climate change.
Curt A. McConnell, Jason P. Kaye, and Armen R. Kemanian
Biogeosciences, 17, 5309–5333, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5309-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5309-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil phosphorus (P) management is a critical challenge for agriculture worldwide; yet, simulation models of soil P processes lag those of other essential nutrients. In this review, we identify hindrances to measuring and modeling soil P pools and fluxes. We highlight the need to clarify biological and mineral interactions by defining P pools explicitly and using evolving techniques, such as tracing P in phosphates using oxygen isotopes.
Greta Formaglio, Edzo Veldkamp, Xiaohong Duan, Aiyen Tjoa, and Marife D. Corre
Biogeosciences, 17, 5243–5262, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5243-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5243-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The intensive management of large-scale oil palm plantations may result in high nutrient leaching losses which reduce soil fertility and potentially pollute water bodies. The reduction in management intensity with lower fertilization rates and with mechanical weeding instead of the use of herbicide results in lower nutrient leaching losses while maintaining high yield. Lower leaching results from lower nutrient inputs from fertilizer and from higher retention by enhanced cover vegetation.
Isabelle Basile-Doelsch, Jérôme Balesdent, and Sylvain Pellerin
Biogeosciences, 17, 5223–5242, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5223-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5223-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The 4 per 1000 initiative aims to restore carbon storage in soils to both mitigate climate change and contribute to food security. The French National Institute for Agricultural Research conducted a study to determine the carbon storage potential in French soils and associated costs. This paper is a part of that study. It reviews recent advances concerning the mechanisms that controls C stabilization in soils. Synthetic figures integrating new concepts should be of pedagogical interest.
Cited articles
Baggs, E. M.: A review of stable isotope techniques for N2O source
partitioning in soils: recent progress, remaining challenges and future
considerations, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 22, 1664–1672, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.3456, 2008.
Baggs, E. M.: Soil microbial sources of nitrous oxide: Recent advances in
knowledge, emerging challenges and future direction, Curr. Opin. Environ.
Sustain., 3, 321–327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2011.08.011, 2011.
Balaine, N., Clough, T. J., Beare, M. H., Thomas, S. M., Meenken, E. D., and
Ross, J. G.: Changes in Relative Gas Diffusivity Explain Soil Nitrous Oxide
Flux Dynamics, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 77, 1496–1505, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.04.0141, 2013.
Baldwin, D. S. and Mitchell, A. M.: The effects of drying and re-flooding on
the sediment and soil nutrient dynamics of lowland river–floodplain systems:
a synthesis, Regul. Rivers Res. Manage., 16, 457–467, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1646(200009/10)16:5<457::AID-RRR597>3.3.CO;2-2, 2000.
Ball, B. C.: Soil structure and greenhouse gas emissions: A synthesis of 20 years
of experimentation, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 64, 357–373, https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12013, 2013.
Baruah, K. K., Gogoi, B., Gogoi, P., and Gupta, P. K.: N2O emission in
relation to plant and soil properties and yield of rice varieties, Agron. Sustain.
Dev., 30, 733–742, https://doi.org/10.1051/agro/2010021, 2010.
Bateman, E. J. and Baggs, E. M.: Contributions of nitrification and denitrification
to N2O emissions from soils at different water-filled pore space,
Biol. Fert. Soils, 41, 379–388, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-005-0858-3, 2005.
Beare, M. H., Gregorich, E. G., and St-Georges, P.: Compaction effects on
CO2 and N2O production during drying and rewetting of soil,
Soil Biol. Biochem., 41, 611–621, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.12.024, 2009.
Bender, S. F., Plantenga, F., Neftel, A., Jocher, M., Oberholzer, H.-R.,
Köhl, L., Giles, M., Daniell, T. J., and van der Heijden, M. G.: Symbiotic
relationships between soil fungi and plants reduce N2O emissions from
soil, Int. Soc. Microb. Ecol. J., 8, 1336–1345, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.224, 2014.
Blom, C. W. P. M., Bögemann, G. M., Laan, P., van der Sman, A. J. M., van de
Steeg, H. M., and Voesenek, L. A. C. J.: Adaptations to flooding in plants from
river areas, Aquat. Bot., 38, 29–47, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(90)90097-5, 1990.
Blum, J. M., Su, Q., Ma, Y., Valverde-Pérez, B., Domingo-Félez, C.,
Jensen, M. M., and Smets, B. F.: The pH dependency of N-converting enzymatic
processes, pathways and microbes: Effect on net N2O production,
Environ. Microbiol., 20, 1623–1640, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14063, 2018.
Böttcher, J., Weymann, D., Well, R., Von Der Heide, C., Schwen, A., Flessa,
H., and Duijnisveld, W. H. M.: Emission of groundwater-derived nitrous oxide into
the atmosphere: model simulations based on a 15N field experiment, Eur.
J. Soil Sci., 62, 216–225, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01311.x, 2011.
Bringel, F. and Couée, I.: Pivotal roles of phyllosphere microorganisms at
the interface between plant functioning and atmospheric trace gas dynamics,
Front. Microbiol., 6, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00486, 2015.
Butterbach-Bahl, K., Baggs, E. M., Dannenmann, M., Kiese, R., and
Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.: Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do
we understand the processes and their controls?, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. Lond. B,
368, 20130122, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0122, 2013.
Cantón, Y., Solé-Benet, A., Asensio, C., Chamizo, S., and Puigdefábregas,
J.: Aggregate stability in range sandy loam soils Relationships with runoff and
erosion, Catena, 77, 192–199, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2008.12.011, 2009.
Ciais, P., Sabine, C., Bala, G., Bopp, L., Brovkin, V., Canadell, J., Chhabra,
A., DeFries, R., Galloway, J., Heimann, M., Jones, C., Le Quéré, C.,
Myneni, R. B., Piao, S., and Thornton, P.: Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles,
in: Climate Change 2013 – The Physical Science Basis, edited by: Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 465–570, 2013.
Diba, F., Shimizu, M., and Hatano, R.: Effects of soil aggregate size, moisture
content and fertilizer management on nitrous oxide production in a volcanic ash
soil, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 57, 733–747, https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2011.604767, 2011.
Drury, C., Yang, X., Reynolds, W., and Tan, C.: Influence of crop rotation and
aggregate size on carbon dioxide production and denitrification, Soil Till. Res.,
79, 87–100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.03.020, 2004.
Dryad Data Repository: https://datadryad.org/, last access: 15 October 2018.
Ebrahimi, A. and Or, D.: Microbial community dynamics in soil aggregates shape
biogeochemical gas fluxes from soil profiles – upscaling an aggregate
biophysical model, Global Change Biol., 22, 3141–3156, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13345, 2016.
Elliott, A. E. T. and Coleman, D. C.: Let the soil work for us, Ecol. Bull.,
39, 22–32, 1988.
Fender, A.-C., Leuschner, C., Schützenmeister, K., Gansert, D., and Jungkunst,
H. F.: Rhizosphere effects of tree species – Large reduction of N2O
emission by saplings of ash, but not of beech, in temperate forest soil, Eur.
J. Soil Biol., 54, 7–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.10.010, 2013.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W.,
Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D. C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Prinn, R., Raga, G.,
Schulz, M., and Van Dorland, R.: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in
Radiative Forcing, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, edited
by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B.,
Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and
New York, NY, USA, 129–234, 2007.
Frame, C. H., Lau, E., Joseph Nolan, E., Goepfert, T. J., and Lehmann, M. F.:
Acidification enhances hybrid N2O production associated with aquatic
ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, Front. Microbiol., 7, 1–23, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.02104, 2017.
Gajić, B., Đurović, N., and Dugalić, G.: Composition and stability
of soil aggregates in Fluvisols under forest, meadows, and 100 years of
conventional tillage, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 173, 502–509, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200700368, 2010.
Gee, G. W. and Bauder, J. W.: Particle-size Analysis, in: Physical and
Mineralogical Methods-Agronomy Monograph no. 9, edited by: Klute, A., American
Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI., 383–411, 1986.
Goldberg, S. D., Knorr, K. H., Blodau, C., Lischeid, G., and Gebauer, G.: Impact
of altering the water table height of an acidic fen on N2O and NO
fluxes and soil concentrations, Global Change Biol., 16, 220–233,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02015.x, 2010.
GraphPad Software Inc.: GraphPad Prism 7.04, La Jolla, CA, available at:
https://www.graphpad.com/ (last access: 15 October 2018), 2017.
Groffman, P. M. and Tiedje, J. M.: Denitrification Hysteresis During Wetting and
Drying Cycles in Soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52, 1626, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200060022x, 1988.
Hartmann, D. J., Klein Tank, A. M. G., Rusticucci, M., Alexander, L. V,
Brönnimann, S., Charabi, Y. A.-R., Dentener, F. J., Dlugokencky, E. J.,
Easterling, D. R., Kaplan, A., Soden, B. J., Thorne, P. W., Wild, M., and Zhai,
P.: Observations: Atmosphere and Surface, in: Climate Change 2013 – The
Physical Science Basis, edited by: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 159–254, 2013.
Hefting, M., Clément, J.-C., Dowrick, D., Cosandey, A. C., Bernal, S.,
Cimpian, C., Tatur, A., Burt, T. P., and Pinay, G.: Water table elevation
controls on soil nitrogen cycling in riparian wetlands along a European climatic
gradient, Biogeochemistry, 67, 113–134, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOG.0000015320.69868.33, 2004.
Heincke, M. and Kaupenjohann, M.: Effects of soil solution on the dynamics of
N2O emissions: a review, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 55, 133–157,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009842011599, 1999.
Hendershot, W. H., Lalande, H., and Duquette, M.: Soil Reaction and Exchangeable
Acidity, in Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis, edited by: Carter, M. R. and
Gregorich, E. G., CRC Press Inc, Boca Raton, FL, 173–178, 2007.
Hill, A. R.: Buried organic-rich horizons: their role as nitrogen sources in
stream riparian zones, Biogeochemistry, 104, 347–363, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9507-5, 2011.
Hu, H.-W., Macdonald, C. A., Trivedi, P., Holmes, B., Bodrossy, L., He, J.-Z.,
and Singh, B. K.: Water addition regulates the metabolic activity of ammonia
oxidizers responding to environmental perturbations in dry subhumid ecosystems,
Environ. Microbiol., 17, 444–461, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12481, 2015.
Jahangir, M. M. R., Roobroeck, D., Van Cleemput, O., and Boeckx, P.: Spatial
variability and biophysicochemical controls on N2O emissions from
differently tilled arable soils, Biol. Fert. Soils, 47, 753–766, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-011-0580-2, 2011.
Jørgensen, C. J., Struwe, S., and Elberling, B.: Temporal trends in
N2O flux dynamics in a Danish wetland – effects of plant-mediated gas
transport of N2O and O2 following changes in water level
and soil mineral-N availability, Global Chang. Biol., 18, 210–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02485.x, 2012.
Khalil, K., Renault, P., and Mary, B.: Effects of transient anaerobic conditions
in the presence of acetylene on subsequent aerobic respiration and N2O
emission by soil aggregates, Soil Biol. Biochem., 37, 1333–1342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.11.029, 2005.
Koschorreck, M. and Darwich, A.: Nitrogen dynamics in sesonally flooded soils
in the Amazon floodplain, Wetl. Ecol. Manage., 11, 317–330, 1998.
Kowalik, P. J. and Randerson, P. F.: Nitrogen and phosphorus removal by willow
stands irrigated with municipal waste water – A review of the Polish experience,
Biomass Bioenergy, 6, 133–139, https://doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(94)90092-2, 1994.
Kuzyakov, Y. and Blagodatskaya, E.: Microbial hotspots and hot moments in soil:
Concept & review, Soil Biol. Biochem., 83, 184–199, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.01.025, 2015.
Li, X., Sørensen, P., Olesen, J. E., and Petersen, S. O.: Evidence for
denitrification as main source of N2O emission from residue-amended
soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 92, 153–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008, 2016.
Loecke, T. D. and Robertson, G. P.: Soil resource heterogeneity in terms of
litter aggregation promotes nitrous oxide fluxes and slows decomposition, Soil
Biol. Biochem., 41, 228–235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.10.017, 2009.
Luster, J., Göttlein, A., Nowack, B., and Sarret, G.: Sampling, defining,
characterising and modeling the rhizosphere – the soil science tool box, Plant
Soil, 321, 457–482, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9781-3, 2009.
Manucharova, N. A., Stepanov, A. L., and Umarov, M. M.: Microbial transformation
of nitrogen in water-stable aggregates of various soil types, Eurasian Soil Sci.,
34, 1125–1131, 2001.
Morley, N., Baggs, E. M., Dörsch, P., and Bakken, L.: Production of NO,
N2O and N2 by extracted soil bacteria, regulation by
Myrold, D. D., Pett-Ridge, J., and Bottomley, P. J.: Nitrogen Mineralization
and Assimilation at Millimeter Scales, in: Methods in Enzymology, vol. 496,
Academic Press, New York, USA, 91–114, 2011.
Neira, J., Ortiz, M., Morales, L., and Acevedo, E.: Oxygen diffusion in soils:
Understanding the factors and processes needed for modeling, Chil. J. Agric.
Res., 75, 35–44, https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392015000300005, 2015.
Oades, J. M.: Soil organic matter and structural stability: mechanisms and
implications for management, Plant Soil, 76, 319–337, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02205590, 1984.
Parkin, T. B.: Soil Microsites as a Source of Denitrification Variability, Soil
Sci. Soc. Am. J., 51, 1194–1199, 1987.
Philippot, L., Hallin, S., Börjesson, G., and Baggs, E. M.: Biochemical
cycling in the rhizosphere having an impact on global change, Plant Soil, 321,
61–81, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9796-9, 2009.
Rabot, E., Hénault, C., and Cousin, I.: Temporal Variability of Nitrous
Oxide Emissionsby Soils as Affected by Hydric History, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.,
78, 434–444, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.07.0311, 2014.
Randerson, P. F., Moran, C., and Bialowiec, A.: Oxygen transfer capacity of
willow (Salix viminalis L.), Biomass Bioenergy, 35, 2306–2309, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.018, 2011.
Ravishankara, A. R., Daniel, J. S., and Portmann, R. W.: Nitrous Oxide (N2O):
The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century,
Science, 326, 123–125, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176985, 2009.
R Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Found.
Stat. Comput., Vienna, available at: https://www.R-project.org/, last
access: 15 October 2018.
Renault, P. and Stengel, P.: Modeling Oxygen Diffusion in Aggregated Soils:
I. Anaerobiosis inside the Aggregates, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, 1017,
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800040004x, 1994.
Robertson, G. P. and Groffman, P. M.: Nitrogen Transformations, in: Soil
Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry, Elsevier, London, UK, 421–446, 2015.
Ruser, R., Flessa, H., Russow, R., Schmidt, G., Buegger, F., and Munch, J. C.:
Emission of N2O, N2 and CO2 from soil fertilized
with nitrate: Effect of compaction, soil moisture and rewetting, Soil Biol.
Biochem., 38, 263–274, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.05.005, 2006.
Samaritani, E., Shrestha, J., Fournier, B., Frossard, E., Gillet, F., Guenat,
C., Niklaus, P. A., Pasquale, N., Tockner, K., Mitchell, E. A. D., and Luster,
J.: Heterogeneity of soil carbon pools and fluxes in a channelized and a
restored floodplain section (Thur River, Switzerland), Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.,
15, 1757–1769, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1757-2011, 2011.
Sey, B. K., Manceur, A. M., Whalen, J. K., Gregorich, E. G., and Rochette, P.:
Small-scale heterogeneity in carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane production
from aggregates of a cultivated sandy-loam soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 40,
2468–2473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.05.012, 2008.
Shrestha, J., Niklaus, P. a, Frossard, E., Samaritani, E., Huber, B., Barnard,
R. L., Schleppi, P., Tockner, K., and Luster, J.: Soil nitrogen dynamics in a
river floodplain mosaic, J. Environ. Qual., 41, 2033–2045, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2012.0059, 2012.
Six, J., Paustian, K., Elliott, E. T., and Combrink, C.: Soil Structure and
Organic Matter, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 64, 681–689, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.642681x, 2000.
Six, J., Bossuyt, H., Degryze, S., and Denef, K.: A history of research on the
link between (micro)aggregates, soil biota, and soil organic matter dynamics,
Soil Till. Res., 79, 7–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.03.008, 2004.
Smart, D. R. and Bloom, A. J.: Wheat leaves emit nitrous oxide during nitrate
assimilation, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 7875–7878, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.131572798, 2001.
Spott, O., Russow, R., and Stange, C. F.: Formation of hybrid N2O and
hybrid N2 due to codenitrification: First review of a barely considered
process of microbially mediated N-nitrosation, Soil Biol. Biochem., 43, 1995–2011,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.06.014, 2011.
Stolk, P. C., Hendriks, R. F. A., Jacobs, C. M. J., Moors, E. J., and Kabat, P.:
Modelling the effect of aggregates on N2O emission from denitrification
in an agricultural peat soil, Biogeosciences, 8, 2649–2663, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2649-2011, 2011.
Thorbjørn, A., Moldrup, P., Blendstrup, H., Komatsu, T., and Rolston, D. E.:
A Gas Diffusivity Model Based on Air-, Solid-, and Water-Phase Resistance in
Variably Saturated Soil, Vadose Zone J., 7, 1276, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0023, 2008.
Tisdall, J. M. and Oades, J. M.: Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in
soils, J. Soil Sci., 33, 141–163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1982.tb01755.x, 1982.
Totsche, K. U., Amelung, W., Gerzabek, M. H., Guggenberger, G., Klumpp, E.,
Knief, C., Lehndorff, E., Mikutta, R., Peth, S., Prechtel, A., Ray, N., and
Kögel-Knabner, I.: Microaggregates in soils, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 181,
104–136, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201600451, 2017.
Vieten, B., Conen, F., Neftel, A., and Alewell, C.: Respiration of nitrous oxide
in suboxic soil, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 60, 332–337, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2009.01125.x, 2009.
Walthert, L., Graf, U., Kammer, A., Luster, J., Pezzotta, D., Zimmermann, S.,
and Hagedorn, F.: Determination of organic and inorganic carbon, δ13C,
and nitrogen in soils containing carbonates after acid fumigation with HCl, J.
Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 173, 207–216, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200900158, 2010.
Young, I. and Ritz, K.: Tillage, habitat space and function of soil microbes,
Soil Till. Res., 53, 201–213, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(99)00106-3, 2000.
Zhu, X., Burger, M., Doane, T., and Horwath, W. R.: Ammonia oxidation pathways
and nitrifier denitrification are significant sources of N2O and NO
under low oxygen availability, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 6328–6333,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1219993110, 2013.
Short summary
Our laboratory study shows how microhabitat formation linked to soil aggregates, litter accumulation and plant soil interactions affects conditions under which
hot momentsof enhanced N2O emissions from floodplain soils during the drying phase after saturation occur. Larger aggregate size led to higher integrated flux rates when soil was unamended or mixed with leaf litter, whereas planting with willow significantly reduced emissions. Also, emission time patterns differed among the treatments.
Our laboratory study shows how microhabitat formation linked to soil aggregates, litter...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint