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BG | Volume 15, issue 18
Biogeosciences, 15, 5503–5517, 2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5503-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5503-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Biogeosciences, 15, 5503–5517, 2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5503-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5503-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article 17 Sep 2018
Research article | 17 Sep 2018
First in situ estimations of small phytoplankton carbon and nitrogen uptake rates in the Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian seas
P. Sadanandan Bhavya et al.
Related authors
No articles found.
Sang H. Lee, Bo Kyung Kim, Yu Jeong Lim, HuiTae Joo, Jae Joong Kang, Dabin Lee, Jisoo Park, Sun-Yong Ha, and Sang Hoon Lee
Biogeosciences, 14, 3705–3713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3705-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3705-2017, 2017
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Little information on the contribution of small-sized phytoplankton is currently available in the Amundsen Sea. Based on a strong negative correlation between the contributions of small phytoplankton and the total daily primary production of phytoplankton found in this study, we concluded that a potential decrease in total primary production would be led by increasing contribution of small phytoplankton in the Amundsen Sea under rapidly warming environmental conditions.
Sang Heon Lee, Jang Han Lee, Howon Lee, Jae Joong Kang, Jae Hyung Lee, Dabin Lee, SoHyun An, Dean A. Stockwell, and Terry E. Whitledge
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-234, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-234, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
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The Laptev and East Siberian seas are highly dynamic in terms of active processing of organic matters impacting the transport to the deep Arctic Ocean. However, they have been the least biologically studied region in the Arctic Ocean. As a part of the NABOS program, our field-measured data, which are very scarce in this region, such as major inorganic nutrient and chl-a concentrations and carbon and nitrogen uptake rates of phytoplankton in this study will be very valuable for basic ground.
Jang Han Lee, Dabin Lee, Jae Joong Kang, Hui Tae Joo, Jae Hyung Lee, Ho Won Lee, So Hyun Ahn, Chang Keun Kang, and Sang Heon Lee
Biogeosciences, 14, 1903–1917, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1903-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1903-2017, 2017
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Based on the seasonal biochemical compositions in this study, the calorific contents of the food material were 1.0–6.1 Kcal m−3. We found that a major governing factor in the biochemical composition of POM was dissolved inorganic nitrogen loading from river input. The relatively larger amount of food material and the higher calorific content of the POM found in this study reflected good nutritive conditions for sustaining productive shellfish and fish populations in Gwangyang Bay, South Korea.
M. S. Yun, T. E. Whitledge, D. Stockwell, S. H. Son, J. H. Lee, J. W. Park, D. B. Lee, J. Park, and S. H. Lee
Biogeosciences, 13, 737–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-737-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-737-2016, 2016
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Coastal Ocean
Regulation of nitrous oxide production in low-oxygen waters off the coast of Peru
Acrylic acid and related dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Bohai and Yellow seas during summer and winter
Fe(II) stability in coastal seawater during experiments in Patagonia, Svalbard, and Gran Canaria
Distribution and behaviour of dissolved selenium in tropical peatland-draining rivers and estuaries of Malaysia
Anomalies in the carbonate system of Red Sea coastal habitats
Tracing terrestrial versus marine sources of dissolved organic carbon in a coastal bay using stable carbon isotopes
Major role of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in N2O production in the Pearl River estuary
Long-term trends in pH in Japanese coastal seawater
Nitric oxide (NO) in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea
Net heterotrophy and carbonate dissolution in two subtropical seagrass meadows
Shifts in dimethylated sulfur concentrations and microbiome composition in the red-tide causing dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum during a simulated marine heatwave
Macroalgal metabolism and lateral carbon flows create extended atmospheric CO2 sinks
Controls on redox-sensitive trace metals in the Mauritanian oxygen minimum zone
Wind-driven stratification patterns and dissolved oxygen depletion in the area off the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary
Efficient removal of phosphorus and nitrogen in sediments of the eutrophic Stockholm Archipelago, Baltic Sea
Seasonal and spatial patterns of primary production in a high-latitude fjord affected by Greenland Ice Sheet run-off
Spring net community production and its coupling with the CO2 dynamics in the surface water of the northern Gulf of Mexico
Quantifying the contributions of riverine vs. oceanic nitrogen to hypoxia in the East China Sea
Distribution, seasonality, and fluxes of dissolved organic matter in the Pearl River (Zhujiang) estuary, China
Dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea using in situ data and ocean colour remote sensing
Collection of large benthic invertebrates in sediment traps in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica
Patterns and drivers of dimethylsulfide concentration in the northeast subarctic Pacific across multiple spatial and temporal scales
Patterns of suspended particulate matter across the continental margin in the Canadian Beaufort Sea during summer
Reduced phosphorus loads from the Loire and Vilaine rivers were accompanied by increasing eutrophication in the Vilaine Bay (south Brittany, France)
Carbon cycling in the North American coastal ocean: a synthesis
Contrasting effects of acidification and warming on dimethylsulfide concentrations during a temperate estuarine fall bloom mesocosm experiment
Interannual variability in the summer dissolved organic matter inventory of the North Sea: implications for the continental shelf pump
Remineralization rate of terrestrial DOC as inferred from CO2 supersaturated coastal waters
High-frequency variability of CO2 in Grand Passage, Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia
Sedimentary alkalinity generation and long-term alkalinity development in the Baltic Sea
Warming effect on nitrogen fixation in Mediterranean macrophyte sediments
High denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation contributes to net nitrogen loss in a seagrass ecosystem in the central Red Sea
Turbulence measurements suggest high rates of new production over the shelf edge in the northeastern North Sea during summer
On biotic and abiotic drivers of the microphytobenthos seasonal cycle in a temperate intertidal mudflat: a modelling study
Effects of elevated CO2 and phytoplankton-derived organic matter on the metabolism of bacterial communities from coastal waters
Distribution and cycling of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon in peatland-draining rivers and coastal waters of Sarawak, Borneo
Biogenic silica production and diatom dynamics in the Svalbard region during spring
The distinct roles of two intertidal foraminiferal species in phytodetrital carbon and nitrogen fluxes – results from laboratory feeding experiments
Contextualizing time-series data: quantification of short-term regional variability in the San Pedro Channel using high-resolution in situ glider data
Nitrogen and oxygen availabilities control water column nitrous oxide production during seasonal anoxia in the Chesapeake Bay
Impacts of anthropogenic inputs on hypoxia and oxygen dynamics in the Pearl River estuary
Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes at the air–sea interface of Red Sea mangroves
Multi-year particle fluxes in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard
Summertime episodic chlorophyll a blooms near the east coast of the Korean Peninsula
Niche differentiation of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers along a salinity gradient from the Pearl River estuary to the South China Sea
Mesoscale contribution to the long-range offshore transport of organic carbon from the Canary Upwelling System to the open North Atlantic
Modulation of the vertical particle transfer efficiency in the oxygen minimum zone off Peru
Mechanisms of dissolved and labile particulate iron supply to shelf waters and phytoplankton blooms off South Georgia, Southern Ocean
Regulation of inorganic carbon acquisition in a red tide alga (Skeletonema costatum): the importance of phosphorus availability
Experimental assessment of the sensitivity of an estuarine phytoplankton fall bloom to acidification and warming
Claudia Frey, Hermann W. Bange, Eric P. Achterberg, Amal Jayakumar, Carolin R. Löscher, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, Elizabeth León-Palmero, Mingshuang Sun, Xin Sun, Ruifang C. Xie, Sergey Oleynik, and Bess B. Ward
Biogeosciences, 17, 2263–2287, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2263-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2263-2020, 2020
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The production of N2O via nitrification and denitrification associated with low-O2 waters is a major source of oceanic N2O. We investigated the regulation and dynamics of these processes with respect to O2 and organic matter inputs. The transcription of the key nitrification gene amoA rapidly responded to changes in O2 and strongly correlated with N2O production rates. N2O production by denitrification was clearly stimulated by organic carbon, implying that its supply controls N2O production.
Xi Wu, Pei-Feng Li, Hong-Hai Zhang, Mao-Xu Zhu, Chun-Ying Liu, and Gui-Peng Yang
Biogeosciences, 17, 1991–2008, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1991-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1991-2020, 2020
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Acrylic acid (AA) exhibited obvious spatial and temporal variations in the Bohai and Yellow seas. Strong biological production and abundant terrestrial inputs led to high AA in summer. Extremely high AA in sediments might result from the cleavage of intracellular DMSP and reduce bacterial metabolism. Degradation experiments of AA and DMSP proved other sources of AA and microbial consumption to be the key removal source. This study provided insightful information on the sulfur cycle these seas.
Mark J. Hopwood, Carolina Santana-González, Julian Gallego-Urrea, Nicolas Sanchez, Eric P. Achterberg, Murat V. Ardelan, Martha Gledhill, Melchor González-Dávila, Linn Hoffmann, Øystein Leiknes, Juana Magdalena Santana-Casiano, Tatiana M. Tsagaraki, and David Turner
Biogeosciences, 17, 1327–1342, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1327-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1327-2020, 2020
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Fe is an essential micronutrient. Fe(III)-organic species are thought to account for > 99 % of dissolved Fe in seawater. Here we quantified Fe(II) during experiments in Svalbard, Gran Canaria, and Patagonia. Fe(II) was always a measurable fraction of dissolved Fe up to 65 %. Furthermore, when Fe(II) was allowed to decay in the dark, it remained present longer than predicted by kinetic equations, suggesting that Fe(II) is a more important fraction of dissolved Fe in seawater than widely recognized.
Yan Chang, Moritz Müller, Ying Wu, Shan Jiang, Wan Wan Cao, Jian Guo Qu, Jing Ling Ren, Xiao Na Wang, En Ming Rao, Xiao Lu Wang, Aazani Mujahid, Mohd Fakharuddin Muhamad, Edwin Sien Aun Sia, Faddrine Holt Ajon Jang, and Jing Zhang
Biogeosciences, 17, 1133–1145, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1133-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1133-2020, 2020
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Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for many organisms. Our knowledge of dissolved Se biogeochemical cycling in tropical estuaries is limited. We have found that dissolved organic Se (DOSe) was the major speciation in the peat-draining rivers and estuaries. The DOSe fractions may be associated with high molecular weight peatland-derived carbon compounds and may photodegrade to more bioavailable forms once transported to oligotrophic coastal water, where they may promote productivity.
Kimberlee Baldry, Vincent Saderne, Daniel C. McCorkle, James H. Churchill, Susana Agusti, and Carlos M. Duarte
Biogeosciences, 17, 423–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-423-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-423-2020, 2020
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The carbon cycling of coastal ecosystems over large spatial scales is not well measured relative to the open ocean. In this study we measure the carbonate system in the three habitats, to measure ecosystem-driven changes compared to offshore waters. We find (1) 70 % of seagrass meadows and mangrove forests show large ecosystem-driven changes, and (2) mangrove forests show strong and consistent trends over large scales, while seagrass meadows display more variability.
Shin-Ah Lee, Tae-Hoon Kim, and Guebuem Kim
Biogeosciences, 17, 135–144, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-135-2020, 2020
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We differentiate between sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (terrestrial, marine autochthonous production, and artificial island and seawater interaction) in coastal bay waters surrounded by large cities using multiple DOM tracers, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), stable carbon isotopes, fluorescent DOM, and the DOC/DON ratio.
Li Ma, Hua Lin, Xiabing Xie, Minhan Dai, and Yao Zhang
Biogeosciences, 16, 4765–4781, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4765-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4765-2019, 2019
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The major microbial process producing N2O in estuarine ecosystems remains controversial. Combining the concentrations and isotopic compositions of N2O, distributions and transcript levels of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial and archaeal amoA and denitrifier nirS genes, and in situ incubation estimates of nitrification rates and N2O production rates, we clarified that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria contributed the major part in N2O production in the upper Pearl River estuary despite their low abundance.
Miho Ishizu, Yasumasa Miyazawa, Tomohiko Tsunoda, and Tsuneo Ono
Biogeosciences, 16, 4747–4763, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4747-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4747-2019, 2019
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Using water quality data collected at 289 monitoring sites as part of the Water Pollution Control Program, we evaluated the long-term trends of pH in Japanese coastal seawater at ambient temperature from 1978 to 2009. We found that the annual maximum pH, which generally represents the pH of surface waters in winter, had decreased at 75 % of the sites, but had increased at the remaining sites. The annual maximum pH decreased at an average rate of −0.0024 yr−1, with relatively large deviations.
Ye Tian, Chao Xue, Chun-Ying Liu, Gui-Peng Yang, Pei-Feng Li, Wei-Hua Feng, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 16, 4485–4496, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4485-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4485-2019, 2019
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Nitric oxide (NO) seems to be widespread, with different functions in the marine ecosystem, but we know little about it. Concentrations of NO were in a range from below the limit of detection to 616 pmol L−1 at the surface and 482 pmol L−1 at the bottom of the Bohai and Yellow seas. The study region was a source of atmospheric NO. Net NO sea-to-air fluxes were much lower than NO photoproduction rates, implying that the NO produced in the mixed layer was rapidly consumed before entering the air.
Bryce R. Van Dam, Christian Lopes, Christopher L. Osburn, and James W. Fourqurean
Biogeosciences, 16, 4411–4428, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4411-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4411-2019, 2019
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We report on direct measurements of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and net ecosystem calcification (NEC) in a Florida Bay seagrass ecosystem. We found notable differences between our carbon-based NEP and similar determinations made using oxygen. Over the study period, both NEP and NEC were negative, revealing that these sites are net heterotrophic and have dissolved CaCO3. Our findings point to sediments maintaining negative NEP and NEC despite high seagrass above-ground primary production.
Elisabeth Deschaseaux, James O'Brien, Nachshon Siboni, Katherina Petrou, and Justin R. Seymour
Biogeosciences, 16, 4377–4391, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4377-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4377-2019, 2019
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Here we report that abrupt increases in temperature–simulating marine heatwaves might have the potential to shape the physiological state and biogenic sulfur production in microalgae involved in harmful algal blooms. Changes in physiology and biochemistry seem to trigger a shift in the bacteria community associated with these microalgae. Since microalgae and associated bacteria play an important role in climate regulation, this could have serious consequences for our future ocean and climate.
Kenta Watanabe, Goro Yoshida, Masakazu Hori, Yu Umezawa, Hirotada Moki, and Tomohiro Kuwae
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-448, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-448, 2019
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
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Macroalgal beds are among the vegetated coastal ecosystems that absorb atmospheric CO2. We investigated the relationships between macroalgal metabolism and inorganic and organic carbon fluxes in a temperate macroalgal bed during the productive time of year. The macroalgal metabolism formed water with low CO2 and high dissolved organic carbon concentrations that was then exported offshore. This export process lowers CO2 concentrations and enhances CO2 absorption in and around macroalgal beds.
Insa Rapp, Christian Schlosser, Jan-Lukas Menzel Barraqueta, Bernhard Wenzel, Jan Lüdke, Jan Scholten, Beat Gasser, Patrick Reichert, Martha Gledhill, Marcus Dengler, and Eric P. Achterberg
Biogeosciences, 16, 4157–4182, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4157-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4157-2019, 2019
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The availability of iron (Fe) affects phytoplankton growth in large parts of the ocean. Shelf sediments, particularly in oxygen minimum zones, are a major source of Fe and other essential micronutrients, such as cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn). We observed enhanced concentrations of Fe, Co, and Mn corresponding with low oxygen concentrations along the Mauritanian shelf, indicating that the projected future decrease in oxygen concentrations may result in increases in Fe, Mn, and Co concentrations.
Taavi Liblik, Yijing Wu, and Daidu Fan
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-421, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-421, 2019
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
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Two oceanographic cruises, conducted in summer 2015 and 2017, revealed very different stratification and DO conditions in the area off the Changjiang Estuary. In-situ data was complemented by remotely sensed sea surface salinity fields and by circulation simulation data. Wind forcing, together with river run-off are likely main contributors of determining the synoptic, seasonal and inter-annual time scale variations of the extent and location of low DO areas off the Changjiang Estuary.
Niels A. G. M. van Helmond, Elizabeth K. Robertson, Daniel J. Conley, Martijn Hermans, Christoph Humborg, L. Joëlle Kubeneck, Wytze K. Lenstra, and Caroline P. Slomp
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-376, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-376, 2019
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Johnna M. Holding, Stiig Markager, Thomas Juul-Pedersen, Maria L. Paulsen, Eva F. Møller, Lorenz Meire, and Mikael K. Sejr
Biogeosciences, 16, 3777–3792, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3777-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3777-2019, 2019
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Phytoplankton sustain important fisheries along the coast of Greenland. However, climate change is causing severe melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet, and continued melting has the potential to alter fjord ecosystems. We investigate how freshwater from the ice sheet is impacting the environment of one fjord in northeast Greenland, causing a low production of phytoplankton. This fjord may be a model for how some fjord ecosystems will be altered following increased melting and glacial retreat.
Zong-Pei Jiang, Wei-Jun Cai, John Lehrter, Baoshan Chen, Zhangxian Ouyang, Chengfeng Le, Brian J. Roberts, Najid Hussain, Michael K. Scaboo, Junxiao Zhang, and Yuanyuan Xu
Biogeosciences, 16, 3507–3525, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3507-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3507-2019, 2019
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The biological production and air–sea CO2 exchange in the surface water of the northern Gulf of Mexico during springtime were mainly controlled by the changes in the availability of light and nutrients during the river–ocean mixing process, with strong CO2 uptake occurring in the river plume regions. The slow air–sea CO2 exchange rate and buffering effect of the CO2 system may result in decoupling between biological production and CO2 flux.
Fabian Große, Katja Fennel, Haiyan Zhang, and Arnaud Laurent
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-342, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-342, 2019
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
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Low oxygen conditions negatively affect marine life and can occur due to strong growth of algae, which die and sink while being degraded consuming oxygen. In the East China Sea, both the Changjiang River and oceanic nutrient sources are considered relevant. We use a computer-based model to quantify the contributions of the different nutrient sources to the formation of low oxygen conditions. We find the Changjiang is the most important and river load reductions can improve oxygen conditions.
Yang Li, Guisheng Song, Philippe Massicotte, Fangming Yang, Ruihuan Li, and Huixiang Xie
Biogeosciences, 16, 2751–2770, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2751-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2751-2019, 2019
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We surveyed the spatial and seasonal variations and estimated the seaward export of DOM in the of Pearl River estuary (PRE), China. The concentration of DOM in this estuary decreases from land to sea but the change in its chemical character is marginal. The concentration and export of DOM are the lowest among the world's major rivers. Yet DOM delivered from the PRE is protein-rich and can be readily used by microbes, thereby exerting a potentially important impact on the local marine ecosystem.
Bennet Juhls, Pier Paul Overduin, Jens Hölemann, Martin Hieronymi, Atsushi Matsuoka, Birgit Heim, and Jürgen Fischer
Biogeosciences, 16, 2693–2713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019, 2019
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In this article, we present the variability and characteristics of dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea from a unique dataset collected during 11 Arctic expeditions. We develop a new relationship between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and coloured dissolved organic matter absorption, which is used to estimate surface water DOC concentration from space. We believe that our findings help current efforts to monitor ongoing changes in the Arctic carbon cycle.
Minkyoung Kim, Eun Jin Yang, Hyung Jeek Kim, Dongseon Kim, Tae-Wan Kim, Hyoung Sul La, SangHoon Lee, and Jeomshik Hwang
Biogeosciences, 16, 2683–2691, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2683-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2683-2019, 2019
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Unexpectedly, in sediment traps deployed in the Antarctic Amundsen Sea to catch small sinking particles in the water, large benthic invertebrates such as long and slender worms, baby sea urchins, and small scallops were found. We suggest three hypotheses: lifting of these animals by anchor ice formation and subsequent transport by ice rafting, spending their juvenile period in a habitat underneath the sea ice and subsequent falling, or their active use of the current as a means of dispersal.
Alysia E. Herr, Ronald P. Kiene, John W. H. Dacey, and Philippe D. Tortell
Biogeosciences, 16, 1729–1754, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1729-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1729-2019, 2019
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Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is an essential component of the global sulfur cycle and a major source of climate-influencing aerosols. We examine the drivers of DMS concentration gradients along the British Columbia shelf by comparing DMS measurements to environmental variables and biological rates. We further combine new and existing data sets to provide a new summertime DMS climatology for the northeast subarctic Pacific. Our results highlight the importance of phytoplankton taxonomy to DMS cycling.
Jens K. Ehn, Rick A. Reynolds, Dariusz Stramski, David Doxaran, Bruno Lansard, and Marcel Babin
Biogeosciences, 16, 1583–1605, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1583-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1583-2019, 2019
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Beam attenuation at 660 nm and suspended particle matter (SPM) relationships were determined during the MALINA cruise in August 2009 to the Canadian Beaufort Sea in order to expand our knowledge of particle distributions in Arctic shelf seas. The relationship was then used to determine SPM distributions for four other expeditions to the region. SPM patterns on the shelf were explained by an interplay between wind forcing, river discharge, and melting sea ice that controls the circulation.
Widya Ratmaya, Dominique Soudant, Jordy Salmon-Monviola, Martin Plus, Nathalie Cochennec-Laureau, Evelyne Goubert, Françoise Andrieux-Loyer, Laurent Barillé, and Philippe Souchu
Biogeosciences, 16, 1361–1380, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1361-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1361-2019, 2019
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This work reports the consequences of nutrient management strategy, an example from southwestern Europe focused mainly on P reduction. Upstream rivers reveal indices of recoveries following the significant diminution of P, while eutrophication continues to increase downstream, especially when N is the limiting factor. This long-term ecosystem-scale analysis provides more arguments for a dual-nutrient (N and P) management strategy to mitigate eutrophication along the freshwater–marine continuum.
Katja Fennel, Simone Alin, Leticia Barbero, Wiley Evans, Timothée Bourgeois, Sarah Cooley, John Dunne, Richard A. Feely, Jose Martin Hernandez-Ayon, Xinping Hu, Steven Lohrenz, Frank Muller-Karger, Raymond Najjar, Lisa Robbins, Elizabeth Shadwick, Samantha Siedlecki, Nadja Steiner, Adrienne Sutton, Daniela Turk, Penny Vlahos, and Zhaohui Aleck Wang
Biogeosciences, 16, 1281–1304, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1281-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1281-2019, 2019
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We review and synthesize available information on coastal ocean carbon fluxes around North America (NA). There is overwhelming evidence, compiled and discussed here, that the NA coastal margins act as a sink. Our synthesis shows the great diversity in processes driving carbon fluxes in different coastal regions, highlights remaining gaps in observations and models, and discusses current and anticipated future trends with respect to carbon fluxes and acidification.
Robin Bénard, Maurice Levasseur, Michael Scarratt, Sonia Michaud, Michel Starr, Alfonso Mucci, Gustavo Ferreyra, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Martine Lizotte, and Gui-Peng Yang
Biogeosciences, 16, 1167–1185, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019, 2019
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We present rare data on the combined effects of acidification and warming on dimethylsulfide (DMS) during a mesocosm experiment. Our results show a reduction of DMS under elevated pCO2, but warming the mesocosms by 5 °C translated into a positive offset in concentrations of DMS over the whole range of pCO2 tested. Our results suggest that warming could mitigate the expected reduction in DMS production due to OA, even increasing the net DMS production, with possible repercussions for the climate.
Saisiri Chaichana, Tim Jickells, and Martin Johnson
Biogeosciences, 16, 1073–1096, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1073-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1073-2019, 2019
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Organic molecules dissolved in the waters of coastal seas (DOM) are a potentially important vector for carbon transport and storage in the open ocean. DOM carbon and nitrogen concentrations from two consecutive summers in the North Sea show a strong pattern of concentrations decreasing away from land. We also observe significant differences between the years in both the DOM concentration and C : N ratios, suggesting that carbon export from shelf seas might be mediated by organic matter cycling.
Filippa Fransner, Agneta Fransson, Christoph Humborg, Erik Gustafsson, Letizia Tedesco, Robinson Hordoir, and Jonas Nycander
Biogeosciences, 16, 863–879, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-863-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-863-2019, 2019
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Although rivers carry large amounts of organic material to the oceans, little is known about what fate it meets when it reaches the sea. In this study we are investigating the fate of the carbon in this organic matter by the use of a numerical model in combination with ship measurements from the northern Baltic Sea. Our results suggests that there is substantial remineralization taking place, transforming the organic carbon into CO2, which is released to the atmosphere.
Rachel M. Horwitz, Alex E. Hay, William J. Burt, Richard A. Cheel, Joseph Salisbury, and Helmuth Thomas
Biogeosciences, 16, 605–616, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-605-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-605-2019, 2019
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High-frequency CO2 measurements are used to quantify the daily and tidal cycles of dissolved carbon in the Bay of Fundy – home to the world's largest tides. The oscillating tidal flows drive a net carbon transport, and these results suggest that previously unaccounted for tidal variation could substantially modulate the coastal ocean's response to global ocean acidification. Evaluating the impact of rising atmospheric CO2 on coastal systems requires understanding this short-term variability.
Erik Gustafsson, Mathilde Hagens, Xiaole Sun, Daniel C. Reed, Christoph Humborg, Caroline P. Slomp, and Bo G. Gustafsson
Biogeosciences, 16, 437–456, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-437-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-437-2019, 2019
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This work highlights that iron (Fe) dynamics plays a key role in the release of alkalinity from sediments, as exemplified for the Baltic Sea. It furthermore demonstrates that burial of Fe sulfides should be included in alkalinity budgets of low-oxygen basins. The sedimentary alkalinity generation may undergo large changes depending on both organic matter loads and oxygen conditions. Enhanced release of alkalinity from the seafloor can increase the CO2 storage capacity of seawater.
Neus Garcias-Bonet, Raquel Vaquer-Sunyer, Carlos M. Duarte, and Núria Marbà
Biogeosciences, 16, 167–175, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-167-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-167-2019, 2019
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We assess the impact of warming on nitrogen fixation in three key Mediterranean macrophytes by experimentally measuring sediment nitrogen fixation rates at current and projected seawater temperature by 2100 under a scenario of moderate greenhouse gas emissions. The temperature dependence of nitrogen fixation could potentially increase rates by 37 % by the end of the century, with important consequences for primary production in coastal ecosystems.
Neus Garcias-Bonet, Marco Fusi, Muhammad Ali, Dario R. Shaw, Pascal E. Saikaly, Daniele Daffonchio, and Carlos M. Duarte
Biogeosciences, 15, 7333–7346, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7333-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7333-2018, 2018
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Nitrogen (N) loads are detrimental for coastal ecosystems. We measured the balance between N losses and gains in a Red Sea seagrass. The N loss was higher than N2 fixed, pointing out the importance of seagrasses in removing N from the system. N2 losses increased with temperature. Therefore, the forecasted warming could increase the N2 flux to the atmosphere, potentially impacting seagrass productivity and their capacity to mitigate climate change but also enhancing their potential N removal.
Jørgen Bendtsen and Katherine Richardson
Biogeosciences, 15, 7315–7332, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7315-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7315-2018, 2018
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New production based on nutrients entering the well-lit surface layer is important for understanding marine ecosystems. Measurements of primary production and turbulence across the shelf edge in the northeastern portion of the North Sea show that new production is concentrated around the shelf-edge zone. The shelf-edge zone is, therefore, a major nutrient supplier to the productive surface layer and makes this area important for higher trophic levels such as zooplankton and fish.
Raphaël Savelli, Christine Dupuy, Laurent Barillé, Astrid Lerouxel, Katell Guizien, Anne Philippe, Pierrick Bocher, Pierre Polsenaere, and Vincent Le Fouest
Biogeosciences, 15, 7243–7271, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7243-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7243-2018, 2018
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We simulate the benthic microalgae seasonal cycle on a temperate intertidal mudflat by combining a physical–biological coupled model with remotely sensed and in situ data. While optimal light and temperature conditions lead to a spring bloom, thermo-inhibition and grazing result in a summer depression of biomass. The model ability to infer mechanisms driving the seasonal cycle could open the door to the contribution of productive intertidal biofilms to the coastal carbon cycle.
Antonio Fuentes-Lema, Henar Sanleón-Bartolomé, Luis M. Lubián, and Cristina Sobrino
Biogeosciences, 15, 6927–6940, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6927-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6927-2018, 2018
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In contrast to phytoplankton, ocean acidification's (OA's) effects on bacterioplankton are poorly understood. Microcosm experiments to assess bacterioplankton's response to organic matter obtained under current and future CO2 levels were performed. An analysis of bacterial abundance, production, respiration, viability and changes in DOM concentration showed that OA affects bacterial metabolism through changes in the organic matter more than directly affecting future CO2 concentration.
Patrick Martin, Nagur Cherukuru, Ashleen S. Y. Tan, Nivedita Sanwlani, Aazani Mujahid, and Moritz Müller
Biogeosciences, 15, 6847–6865, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6847-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6847-2018, 2018
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The carbon cycle is a key control for the Earth's climate. Every year rivers deliver a lot of organic carbon to coastal seas, but we do not know what happens to this carbon, particularly in the tropics. We show that rivers in Borneo deliver carbon from peat swamps to the sea with at most minimal biological or chemical alteration in estuaries, but sunlight can rapidly oxidise this carbon to CO2. This means that south-east Asian seas are likely hotspots of terrestrial carbon decomposition.
Jeffrey W. Krause, Carlos M. Duarte, Israel A. Marquez, Philipp Assmy, Mar Fernández-Méndez, Ingrid Wiedmann, Paul Wassmann, Svein Kristiansen, and Susana Agustí
Biogeosciences, 15, 6503–6517, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6503-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6503-2018, 2018
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Diatoms can dominate the Arctic Ocean spring bloom, the key annual event for regional food webs. Diatom growth requires silicon and this nutrient has been declining in the European Arctic. This study communicates an unprecedented combination of silicon-cycling measurements around Svalbard during the spring and shows that dissolved silicon can limit diatom production. These results suggest an important coupling of silicon and carbon cycling during the spring bloom in the European Arctic.
Julia Wukovits, Max Oberrauch, Annekatrin J. Enge, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 15, 6185–6198, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6185-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6185-2018, 2018
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Single-celled, benthic foraminifera play a major role in marine biogeochemical cycling. This study compares the organic-matter-derived carbon and nitrogen processing of two abundant intertidal foraminifera species. The results of our laboratory feeding experiments suggest a significant difference in the contributions of each species to coastal carbon and nitrogen fluxes, which is mainly attributed to their different metabolic lifestyles.
Elizabeth N. Teel, Xiao Liu, Bridget N. Seegers, Matthew A. Ragan, William Z. Haskell, Burton H. Jones, and Naomi M. Levine
Biogeosciences, 15, 6151–6165, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6151-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6151-2018, 2018
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Time-series sites have been instrumental in providing insight into how the ocean functions. However, to extrapolate the results from a single site to a larger region, the dynamics at the site must be placed into the context of regional-scale dynamics. We develop a framework for determining the spatial domain of a time-series site using high-resolution data. This framework quantifies the representativeness of the site and can be used to improve sampling to better capture the dynamics at the site.
Qixing Ji, Claudia Frey, Xin Sun, Melanie Jackson, Yea-Shine Lee, Amal Jayakumar, Jeffrey C. Cornwell, and Bess B. Ward
Biogeosciences, 15, 6127–6138, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6127-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6127-2018, 2018
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Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a strong greenhouse gas and ozone-depletion agent. Intense N2O effluxes had been observed from nutrient-rich estuaries with human impacts, such as the Chesapeake Bay. We report that increased nitrogen availability and low-oxygen conditions stimulate N2O production. Thus, controlling the nutrient input to the bay will decrease nitrogen availability and alleviate eutrophication, leading to water column reoxygenation, and subsequently will mitigate N2O emission.
Bin Wang, Jiatang Hu, Shiyu Li, Liuqian Yu, and Jia Huang
Biogeosciences, 15, 6105–6125, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6105-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6105-2018, 2018
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A physical–biogeochemical model was applied to study the response of hypoxia and oxygen dynamics to different riverine inputs. Results showed that the hypoxia in the Pearl River estuary was most sensitive to riverine inputs of POC, followed by DO and nutrients. This study also highlighted the significance of re-aeration for its buffering effects; i.e. the re-aeration responded rapidly to the perturbations of riverine inputs and in turn moderated the DO changes impacted by these perturbations.
Mallory A. Sea, Neus Garcias-Bonet, Vincent Saderne, and Carlos M. Duarte
Biogeosciences, 15, 5365–5375, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5365-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5365-2018, 2018
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Mangroves are capable of storing carbon in their roots, leaves, and in the sediment; however they can also emit carbon as greenhouse gases (GHG) to the atmosphere. In this study, we collected sediment cores and calculated GHG flux rates from mangrove forests along the Red Sea coastline. Using flux rates reported in this study, we determined that Red Sea mangroves are net carbon sinks, storing more carbon than they emit. This study provides rationale to conserve and expand Red Sea mangroves.
Alessandra D'Angelo, Federico Giglio, Stefano Miserocchi, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, Stefano Aliani, Tommaso Tesi, Angelo Viola, Mauro Mazzola, and Leonardo Langone
Biogeosciences, 15, 5343–5363, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5343-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5343-2018, 2018
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A 6-year time series of physical parameters and particle fluxes collected by a mooring in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) suggests that the subglacial and watershed run-off driven by air temperature are the main processes affecting the lithogenic supply. As the Arctic temperature rises, glacier material will increase accordingly. The winter inflow of warm Atlantic waters is progressively increasing, hampering the nutrient supply from the bottom waters and severely reducing the biological production.
Young-Tae Son, Jae-Hyoung Park, and SungHyun Nam
Biogeosciences, 15, 5237–5247, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5237-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5237-2018, 2018
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This study reveals episodic blooms often accompanying abrupt changes in sea surface salinity and wind forcing off the east coast are triggered by the equatorward and cross-shore advection of chlorophyll-rich plume water of northern origin. Since previous studies have not focused on the episodic blooms near the coast over the course of days to weeks during the summer, we tried to address the roles of the physical advection process in the marine ecosystem based on observations of three summers.
Lei Hou, Xiabing Xie, Xianhui Wan, Shuh-Ji Kao, Nianzhi Jiao, and Yao Zhang
Biogeosciences, 15, 5169–5187, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5169-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5169-2018, 2018
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The niche differentiation of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers is controversial because they display disparate patterns in different environments. Combining molecular and nitrification rate analyses, our study clarified that water mass mixing and the substrate availability primarily regulated the niche differentiation of nitrifier populations along a salinity gradient. The nitrifier populations may have specific adaptations to different substrate conditions through their ecological strategies.
Elisa Lovecchio, Nicolas Gruber, and Matthias Münnich
Biogeosciences, 15, 5061–5091, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5061-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5061-2018, 2018
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We find that the ocean's flow on scales of a few tens to a few hundred km has a central role in the lateral redistribution of the organic carbon from the coast to the open ocean. Narrow coastal filaments drive the offshore flux of organic carbon and strongly enhance its availability up to 1000 km from the coast. Eddies extend the flux up to 2000 km offshore containing 30 % of the organic matter in the open waters. Resolving these scales is essential to capture the coastal/open ocean coupling.
Marine Bretagnon, Aurélien Paulmier, Véronique Garçon, Boris Dewitte, Séréna Illig, Nathalie Leblond, Laurent Coppola, Fernando Campos, Federico Velazco, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Andreas Oschlies, J. Martin Hernandez-Ayon, Helmut Maske, Oscar Vergara, Ivonne Montes, Philippe Martinez, Edgardo Carrasco, Jacques Grelet, Olivier Desprez-De-Gesincourt, Christophe Maes, and Lionel Scouarnec
Biogeosciences, 15, 5093–5111, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5093-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5093-2018, 2018
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In oxygen minimum zone, the fate of the organic matter is a key question as the low oxygen condition would preserve the OM and thus enhance the biological carbon pump while the high microbial activity would foster the remineralisation and the greenhouse gases emission. To investigate this paradigm, sediment traps were deployed off Peru. We pointed out the influence of the oxygenation as well as the organic matter quantity and quality on the carbon transfer efficiency in the oxygen minimum zone.
Christian Schlosser, Katrin Schmidt, Alfred Aquilina, William B. Homoky, Maxi Castrillejo, Rachel A. Mills, Matthew D. Patey, Sophie Fielding, Angus Atkinson, and Eric P. Achterberg
Biogeosciences, 15, 4973–4993, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4973-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4973-2018, 2018
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Iron (Fe) emanating from the South Georgia shelf system fuels large phytoplankton blooms downstream of the island. However, the actual supply mechanisms of Fe are unclear. We found that shelf-sediment-derived iron and iron released from Antarctic krill control the Fe distribution in the shelf waters around South Georgia. The majority of the Fe appears to be derived from recycling of Fe-enriched particles that are transported with the water masses into the bloom region.
Guang Gao, Jianrong Xia, Jinlan Yu, Jiale Fan, and Xiaopeng Zeng
Biogeosciences, 15, 4871–4882, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4871-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4871-2018, 2018
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Diatoms commonly dominate algal blooms. However, little is known regarding how diatoms overcome CO2 limitation and maintain growth during blooms. Our results show that enrichment of phosphorus enhances diatoms’ photosynthetic pigment, photosynthetic rate, and the capacity for inorganic carbon acquisition. This study indicates the essential role of phosphorus in coping with CO2 limitation for diatoms and sheds light on how bloom-forming algae cope with carbon limitation during blooms.
Robin Bénard, Maurice Levasseur, Michael Scarratt, Marie-Amélie Blais, Alfonso Mucci, Gustavo Ferreyra, Michel Starr, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, and Martine Lizotte
Biogeosciences, 15, 4883–4904, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018, 2018
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We investigated the combined effect of ocean acidification and warming on the dynamics of the phytoplankton fall boom in the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada. Twelve 2600 L mesocosms were used to cover a wide range of pH and two temperatures. We found that warming, rather than acidification, is more likely to alter the autumnal bloom in this estuary in the decades to come by stimulating the development and senescence of diatoms, and promoting picocyanobacteria proliferation.
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