Articles | Volume 15, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4367-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4367-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Improving the strength of sandy soils via ureolytic CaCO3 solidification by Sporosarcina ureae
Justin Michael Whitaker
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (413-ARC), University
of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Sai Vanapalli
Department of Civil Engineering (A015-CBY), University of Ottawa, K1N
6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Danielle Fortin
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (413-ARC), University
of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Biomineralization
Upper-ocean flux of biogenic calcite produced by the Arctic planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma
Do bacterial viruses affect framboid-like mineral formation?
Calcification response of reef corals to seasonal upwelling in the northern Arabian Sea (Masirah Island, Oman)
Growth rate rather than temperature affects the B∕Ca ratio in the calcareous red alga Lithothamnion corallioides
Heavy metal uptake of nearshore benthic foraminifera during multi-metal culturing experiments
A stable ultrastructural pattern despite variable cell size in Lithothamnion corallioides
Decoupling salinity and carbonate chemistry: low calcium ion concentration rather than salinity limits calcification in Baltic Sea mussels
Technical note: A universal method for measuring the thickness of microscopic calcite crystals, based on bidirectional circular polarization
The patterns of elemental concentration (Ca, Na, Sr, Mg, Mn, Ba, Cu, Pb, V, Y, U and Cd) in shells of invertebrates representing different CaCO3 polymorphs: a case study from the brackish Gulf of Gdańsk (the Baltic Sea)
Carbonic anhydrase is involved in calcification by the benthic foraminifer Amphistegina lessonii
Distribution of chlorine and fluorine in benthic foraminifera
Rare earth elements in oyster shells: provenance discrimination and potential vital effects
Determining how biotic and abiotic variables affect the shell condition and parameters of Heliconoides inflatus pteropods from a sediment trap in the Cariaco Basin
Intercomparison of four methods to estimate coral calcification under various environmental conditions
Technical note: The silicon isotopic composition of choanoflagellates: implications for a mechanistic understanding of isotopic fractionation during biosilicification
Insights into architecture, growth dynamics, and biomineralization from pulsed Sr-labelled Katelysia rhytiphora shells (Mollusca, Bivalvia)
Subaqueous speleothems (Hells Bells) formed by the interplay of pelagic redoxcline biogeochemistry and specific hydraulic conditions in the El Zapote sinkhole, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico
Kinetics of calcite precipitation by ureolytic bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Coupled calcium and inorganic carbon uptake suggested by magnesium and sulfur incorporation in foraminiferal calcite
Planktonic foraminiferal spine versus shell carbonate Na incorporation in relation to salinity
Precipitation of calcium carbonate mineral induced by viral lysis of cyanobacteria: evidence from laboratory experiments
Mineral formation induced by cable bacteria performing long-distance electron transport in marine sediments
Variation in brachiopod microstructure and isotope geochemistry under low-pH–ocean acidification conditions
Weaving of biomineralization framework in rotaliid foraminifera: implications for paleoceanographic proxies
Marine and freshwater micropearls: biomineralization producing strontium-rich amorphous calcium carbonate inclusions is widespread in the genus Tetraselmis (Chlorophyta)
Carbon and nitrogen turnover in the Arctic deep sea: in situ benthic community response to diatom and coccolithophorid phytodetritus
Technical note: A refinement of coccolith separation methods: measuring the sinking characteristics of coccoliths
Impact of salinity on element incorporation in two benthic foraminiferal species with contrasting magnesium contents
Calcification in a marginal sea – influence of seawater [Ca2+] and carbonate chemistry on bivalve shell formation
Effect of temperature rise and ocean acidification on growth of calcifying tubeworm shells (Spirorbis spirorbis): an in situ benthocosm approach
Phosphorus limitation and heat stress decrease calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
Anatomical structure overrides temperature controls on magnesium uptake – calcification in the Arctic/subarctic coralline algae Leptophytum laeve and Kvaleya epilaeve (Rhodophyta; Corallinales)
Coral calcifying fluid aragonite saturation states derived from Raman spectroscopy
Impact of trace metal concentrations on coccolithophore growth and morphology: laboratory simulations of Cretaceous stress
Ba incorporation in benthic foraminifera
Size-dependent response of foraminiferal calcification to seawater carbonate chemistry
Technical note: an economical apparatus for the observation and harvest of mineral precipitation experiments with light microscopy
Physiology regulates the relationship between coccosphere geometry and growth phase in coccolithophores
Trends in element incorporation in hyaline and porcelaneous foraminifera as a function of pCO2
Decoupled carbonate chemistry controls on the incorporation of boron into Orbulina universa
Mineralogical response of the Mediterranean crustose coralline alga Lithophyllum cabiochae to near-future ocean acidification and warming
Temperature affects the morphology and calcification of Emiliania huxleyi strains
Skeletal mineralogy of coral recruits under high temperature and pCO2
Direct uptake of organically derived carbon by grass roots and allocation in leaves and phytoliths: 13C labeling evidence
pH up-regulation as a potential mechanism for the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa to sustain growth in aragonite undersaturated conditions
Iron encrustations on filamentous algae colonized by Gallionella-related bacteria in a metal-polluted freshwater stream
Ocean acidification does not affect magnesium composition or dolomite formation in living crustose coralline algae, Porolithon onkodes in an experimental system
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms
Impact of seawater carbonate chemistry on the calcification of marine bivalves
Impact of seawater [Ca2+] on the calcification and calciteMg / Ca of Amphistegina lessonii
Franziska Tell, Lukas Jonkers, Julie Meilland, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 19, 4903–4927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4903-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4903-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyses the production of calcite shells formed by one of the main Arctic pelagic calcifiers, the foraminifera N. pachyderma. Using vertically resolved profiles of shell concentration, size and weight, we show that calcification occurs throughout the upper 300 m with an average production flux below the calcification zone of 8 mg CaCO3 m−2 d−1 representing 23 % of the total pelagic biogenic carbonate production. The production flux is attenuated in the twilight zone by dissolution.
Paweł Działak, Marcin D. Syczewski, Kamil Kornaus, Mirosław Słowakiewicz, Łukasz Zych, and Andrzej Borkowski
Biogeosciences, 19, 4533–4550, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4533-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4533-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Bacteriophages comprise one of the factors that may influence mineralization processes. The number of bacteriophages in the environment usually exceeds the number of bacteria by an order of magnitude. One of the more interesting processes is the formation of framboidal pyrite, and it is not entirely clear what processes determine its formation. Our studies indicate that some bacterial viruses may influence the formation of framboid-like or spherical structures.
Philipp M. Spreter, Markus Reuter, Regina Mertz-Kraus, Oliver Taylor, and Thomas C. Brachert
Biogeosciences, 19, 3559–3573, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3559-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3559-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the calcification rate of reef corals from an upwelling zone, where low seawater pH and high nutrient concentrations represent a recent analogue for the future ocean. Calcification rate of the corals largely relies on extension growth. Variable responses of extension growth to nutrients either compensate or exacerbate negative effects of weak skeletal thickening associated with low seawater pH – a mechanism that is critical for the persistence of coral reefs under global change.
Giulia Piazza, Valentina A. Bracchi, Antonio Langone, Agostino N. Meroni, and Daniela Basso
Biogeosciences, 19, 1047–1065, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1047-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1047-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The coralline alga Lithothamnion corallioides is widely distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and NE Atlantic Ocean, where it constitutes rhodolith beds, which are diversity-rich ecosystems on the seabed. The boron incorporated in the calcified thallus of coralline algae (B/Ca) can be used to trace past changes in seawater carbonate and pH. This paper suggests a non-negligible effect of algal growth rate on B/Ca, recommending caution in adopting this proxy for paleoenvironmental reconstructions.
Sarina Schmidt, Ed C. Hathorne, Joachim Schönfeld, and Dieter Garbe-Schönberg
Biogeosciences, 19, 629–664, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-629-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-629-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study addresses the potential of marine shell-forming organisms as proxy carriers for heavy metal contamination in the environment. The aim is to investigate if the incorporation of heavy metals is a direct function of their concentration in seawater. Culturing experiments with a metal mixture were carried out over a wide concentration range. Our results show shell-forming organisms to be natural archives that enable the determination of metals in polluted and pristine environments.
Valentina Alice Bracchi, Giulia Piazza, and Daniela Basso
Biogeosciences, 18, 6061–6076, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6061-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6061-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrastructures of Lithothamnion corallioides, a crustose coralline alga collected from the Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea at different depths, show high-Mg-calcite cell walls formed by crystals with a specific shape and orientation that are unaffected by different environmental conditions of the living sites. This suggests that the biomineralization process is biologically controlled in coralline algae and can have interesting applications in paleontology.
Trystan Sanders, Jörn Thomsen, Jens Daniel Müller, Gregor Rehder, and Frank Melzner
Biogeosciences, 18, 2573–2590, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2573-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2573-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Baltic Sea is expected to experience a rapid drop in salinity and increases in acidity and warming in the next century. Calcifying mussels dominate Baltic Sea seafloor ecosystems yet are sensitive to changes in seawater chemistry. We combine laboratory experiments and a field study and show that a lack of calcium causes extremely slow growth rates in mussels at low salinities. Subsequently, climate change in the Baltic may have drastic ramifications for Baltic seafloor ecosystems.
Luc Beaufort, Yves Gally, Baptiste Suchéras-Marx, Patrick Ferrand, and Julien Duboisset
Biogeosciences, 18, 775–785, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-775-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-775-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The coccoliths are major contributors to the particulate inorganic carbon in the ocean. They are extremely difficult to weigh because they are too small to be manipulated. We propose a universal method to measure thickness and weight of fine calcite using polarizing microscopy that does not require fine-tuning of the light or a calibration process. This method named "bidirectional circular polarization" uses two images taken with two directions of a circular polarizer.
Anna Piwoni-Piórewicz, Stanislav Strekopytov, Emma Humphreys-Williams, and Piotr Kukliński
Biogeosciences, 18, 707–728, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-707-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-707-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Calcifying organisms occur globally in almost every environment, and the process of biomineralization is of great importance in the global carbon cycle and use of skeletons as environmental data archives. The composition of skeletons is very complex. It is determined by the mechanisms of biological control on biomineralization and the response of calcifying organisms to varying environmental drivers. Yet for trace elements, such as Cu, Pb and Cd, an impact of environmental factors is pronounced.
Siham de Goeyse, Alice E. Webb, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Lennart J. de Nooijer
Biogeosciences, 18, 393–401, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-393-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-393-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are calcifying organisms that play a role in the marine inorganic-carbon cycle and are widely used to reconstruct paleoclimates. However, the fundamental process by which they calcify remains essentially unknown. Here we use inhibitors to show that an enzyme is speeding up the conversion between bicarbonate and CO2. This helps the foraminifera acquire sufficient carbon for calcification and might aid their tolerance to elevated CO2 level.
Anne Roepert, Lubos Polerecky, Esmee Geerken, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Jack J. Middelburg
Biogeosciences, 17, 4727–4743, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4727-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4727-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated, for the first time, the spatial distribution of chlorine and fluorine in the shell walls of four benthic foraminifera species: Ammonia tepida, Amphistegina lessonii, Archaias angulatus, and Sorites marginalis. Cross sections of specimens were imaged using nanoSIMS. The distribution of Cl and F was co-located with organics in the rotaliids and rather homogeneously distributed in miliolids. We suggest that the incorporation is governed by the biomineralization pathway.
Vincent Mouchi, Camille Godbillot, Vianney Forest, Alexey Ulianov, Franck Lartaud, Marc de Rafélis, Laurent Emmanuel, and Eric P. Verrecchia
Biogeosciences, 17, 2205–2217, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2205-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2205-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Rare earth elements (REEs) in coastal seawater are included in bivalve shells during growth, and a regional fingerprint can be defined for provenance and environmental monitoring studies. We present a large dataset of REE abundances from oysters from six locations in France. The cupped oyster can be discriminated from one locality to another, but this is not the case for the flat oyster. Therefore, provenance studies using bivalve shells based on REEs are not adapted for the flat oyster.
Rosie L. Oakes and Jocelyn A. Sessa
Biogeosciences, 17, 1975–1990, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1975-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1975-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Pteropods are a group of tiny swimming snails whose fragile shells put them at risk from ocean acidification. We investigated the factors influencing the thickness of pteropods shells in the Cariaco Basin, off Venezuela, which is unaffected by ocean acidification. We found that pteropods formed thicker shells when nutrient concentrations, an indicator of food availability, were highest, indicating that food may be an important factor in mitigating the effects of ocean acidification on pteropods.
Miguel Gómez Batista, Marc Metian, François Oberhänsli, Simon Pouil, Peter W. Swarzenski, Eric Tambutté, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Carlos M. Alonso Hernández, and Frédéric Gazeau
Biogeosciences, 17, 887–899, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-887-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-887-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we assessed four methods (total alkalinity anomaly, calcium anomaly, 45Ca incorporation, and 13C incorporation) to determine coral calcification of a reef-building coral. Under all conditions (light vs. dark incubations and ambient vs. lowered pH levels), calcification rates estimated using the alkalinity and calcium anomaly techniques as well as 45Ca incorporation were highly correlated, while significantly different results were obtained with the 13C incorporation technique.
Alan Marron, Lucie Cassarino, Jade Hatton, Paul Curnow, and Katharine R. Hendry
Biogeosciences, 16, 4805–4813, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4805-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4805-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Isotopic signatures of silica fossils can be used as archives of past oceanic silicon cycling, which is linked to marine carbon uptake. However, the biochemistry that lies behind such chemical fingerprints remains poorly understood. We present the first measurements of silicon isotopes in a group of protists closely related to animals, choanoflagellates. Our results highlight a taxonomic basis to silica isotope signatures, possibly via a shared transport pathway in choanoflagellates and animals.
Laura M. Otter, Oluwatoosin B. A. Agbaje, Matt R. Kilburn, Christoph Lenz, Hadrien Henry, Patrick Trimby, Peter Hoppe, and Dorrit E. Jacob
Biogeosciences, 16, 3439–3455, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3439-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3439-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses strontium as a trace elemental marker in combination with high-resolution nano-analytical techniques to label the growth fronts of bivalves in controlled aquaculture conditions. The growing shells incorporate the labels and are used as
snapshotsvisualizing the growth processes across different shell architectures. These observations are combined with structural investigations across length scales and altogether allow for a detailed understanding of this shell.
Simon Michael Ritter, Margot Isenbeck-Schröter, Christian Scholz, Frank Keppler, Johannes Gescher, Lukas Klose, Nils Schorndorf, Jerónimo Avilés Olguín, Arturo González-González, and Wolfgang Stinnesbeck
Biogeosciences, 16, 2285–2305, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2285-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2285-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Unique and spectacular under water speleothems termed as Hells Bells were recently reported from sinkholes (cenotes) of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. However, the mystery of their formation remained unresolved. Here, we present detailed geochemical analyses and delineate that the growth of Hells Bells results from a combination of biogeochemical processes and variable hydraulic conditions within the cenote.
Andrew C. Mitchell, Erika J. Espinosa-Ortiz, Stacy L. Parks, Adrienne J. Phillips, Alfred B. Cunningham, and Robin Gerlach
Biogeosciences, 16, 2147–2161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2147-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2147-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Microbially induced carbonate mineral precipitation (MICP) is a natural process that is also being investigated for subsurface engineering applications including radionuclide immobilization and microfracture plugging. We demonstrate that rates of MICP from microbial urea hydrolysis (ureolysis) vary with different bacterial strains, but rates are similar in both oxygenated and oxygen-free conditions. Ureolysis MICP is therefore a viable biotechnology in the predominately oxygen-free subsurface.
Inge van Dijk, Christine Barras, Lennart Jan de Nooijer, Aurélia Mouret, Esmee Geerken, Shai Oron, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 16, 2115–2130, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2115-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2115-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Systematics in the incorporation of different elements in shells of marine organisms can be used to test calcification models and thus processes involved in precipitation of calcium carbonates. On different scales, we observe a covariation of sulfur and magnesium incorporation in shells of foraminifera, which provides insights into the mechanics behind shell formation. The observed patterns imply that all species of foraminifera actively take up calcium and carbon in a coupled process.
Eveline M. Mezger, Lennart J. de Nooijer, Jacqueline Bertlich, Jelle Bijma, Dirk Nürnberg, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 16, 1147–1165, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1147-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1147-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Seawater salinity is an important factor when trying to reconstruct past ocean conditions. Foraminifera, small organisms living in the sea, produce shells that incorporate more Na at higher salinities. The accuracy of reconstructions depends on the fundamental understanding involved in the incorporation and preservation of the original Na of the shell. In this study, we unravel the Na composition of different components of the shell and describe the relative contribution of these components.
Hengchao Xu, Xiaotong Peng, Shijie Bai, Kaiwen Ta, Shouye Yang, Shuangquan Liu, Ho Bin Jang, and Zixiao Guo
Biogeosciences, 16, 949–960, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-949-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-949-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Viruses have been acknowledged as important components of the marine system for the past 2 decades, but understanding of their role in the functioning of the geochemical cycle remains poor. Results show viral lysis of cyanobacteria can influence the carbonate equilibrium system remarkably and promotes the formation and precipitation of carbonate minerals. Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and aragonite are evident in the lysate, implying that different precipitation processes have occurred.
Nicole M. J. Geerlings, Eva-Maria Zetsche, Silvia Hidalgo-Martinez, Jack J. Middelburg, and Filip J. R. Meysman
Biogeosciences, 16, 811–829, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-811-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-811-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Multicellular cable bacteria form long filaments that can reach lengths of several centimeters. They affect the chemistry and mineralogy of their surroundings and vice versa. How the surroundings affect the cable bacteria is investigated. They show three different types of biomineral formation: (1) a polymer containing phosphorus in their cells, (2) a sheath of clay surrounding the surface of the filament and (3) the encrustation of a filament via a solid phase containing iron and phosphorus.
Facheng Ye, Hana Jurikova, Lucia Angiolini, Uwe Brand, Gaia Crippa, Daniela Henkel, Jürgen Laudien, Claas Hiebenthal, and Danijela Šmajgl
Biogeosciences, 16, 617–642, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-617-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-617-2019, 2019
Yukiko Nagai, Katsuyuki Uematsu, Chong Chen, Ryoji Wani, Jarosław Tyszka, and Takashi Toyofuku
Biogeosciences, 15, 6773–6789, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6773-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6773-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We interpret detailed SEM and time-lapse observations of the calcification process in living foraminifera, which we reveal to be directly linked to the construction mechanism of organic membranes where the calcium carbonate precipitation takes place. We show that these membranes are a highly perforated outline is first woven by skeletal pseudopodia and then later overlaid by a layer of membranous pseudopodia to close the gaps. The chemical composition is related to these structures.
Agathe Martignier, Montserrat Filella, Kilian Pollok, Michael Melkonian, Michael Bensimon, François Barja, Falko Langenhorst, Jean-Michel Jaquet, and Daniel Ariztegui
Biogeosciences, 15, 6591–6605, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6591-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6591-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The unicellular microalga Tetraselmis cordiformis (Chlorophyta) was recently discovered to form intracellular mineral inclusions, called micropearls, which had been previously overlooked. The present study shows that 10 Tetraselmis species out of the 12 tested share this biomineralization capacity, producing amorphous calcium carbonate inclusions often enriched in Sr. This novel biomineralization process can take place in marine, brackish or freshwater and is therefore a widespread phenomenon.
Ulrike Braeckman, Felix Janssen, Gaute Lavik, Marcus Elvert, Hannah Marchant, Caroline Buckner, Christina Bienhold, and Frank Wenzhöfer
Biogeosciences, 15, 6537–6557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6537-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6537-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Global warming has altered Arctic phytoplankton communities, with unknown effects on deep-sea communities that depend strongly on food produced at the surface. We compared the responses of Arctic deep-sea benthos to input of phytodetritus from diatoms and coccolithophorids. Coccolithophorid carbon was 5× less recycled than diatom carbon. The utilization of the coccolithophorid carbon may be less efficient, so a shift from diatom to coccolithophorid blooms could entail a delay in carbon cycling.
Hongrui Zhang, Heather Stoll, Clara Bolton, Xiaobo Jin, and Chuanlian Liu
Biogeosciences, 15, 4759–4775, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4759-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4759-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The sinking speeds of coccoliths are relevant for laboratory methods to separate coccoliths for geochemical analysis. However, in the absence of estimates of coccolith settling velocity, previous implementations have depended mainly on time-consuming method development by trial and error. In this study, the sinking velocities of cocooliths were carefully measured for the first time. We also provide an estimation of coccolith sinking velocity by shape, which will make coccolith separation easier.
Esmee Geerken, Lennart Jan de Nooijer, Inge van Dijk, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 15, 2205–2218, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2205-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2205-2018, 2018
Jörn Thomsen, Kirti Ramesh, Trystan Sanders, Markus Bleich, and Frank Melzner
Biogeosciences, 15, 1469–1482, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1469-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1469-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The distribution of mussel in estuaries is limited but the mechanisms are not well understood. We document for the first time that reduced Ca2+ concentration in the low saline, brackish Baltic Sea affects the ability of mussel larvae to calcify the first larval shell. As complete formation of the shell is a prerequisite for successful development, impaired calcification during this sensitive life stage can have detrimental effects on the species' ability to colonize habitats.
Sha Ni, Isabelle Taubner, Florian Böhm, Vera Winde, and Michael E. Böttcher
Biogeosciences, 15, 1425–1445, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1425-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1425-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Spirorbis tube worms are common epibionts on brown algae in the Baltic Sea. We made experiments with Spirorbis in the
Kiel Outdoor Benthocosmsat CO2 and temperature conditions predicted for the year 2100. The worms were able to grow tubes even at CO2 levels favouring shell dissolution but did not survive at mean temperatures over 24° C. This indicates that Spirorbis worms will suffer from future excessive ocean warming and from ocean acidification fostering corrosion of their protective tubes.
Andrea C. Gerecht, Luka Šupraha, Gerald Langer, and Jorijntje Henderiks
Biogeosciences, 15, 833–845, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-833-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-833-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Calcifying phytoplankton play an import role in long-term CO2 removal from the atmosphere. We therefore studied the ability of a representative species to continue sequestrating CO2 under future climate conditions. We show that CO2 sequestration is negatively affected by both an increase in temperature and the resulting decrease in nutrient availability. This will impact the biogeochemical cycle of carbon and may have a positive feedback on rising CO2 levels.
Merinda C. Nash and Walter Adey
Biogeosciences, 15, 781–795, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-781-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-781-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Past seawater temperatures can be reconstructed using magnesium / calcium ratios of biogenic carbonates. As temperature increases, so does magnesium. Here we show that for these Arctic/subarctic coralline algae, anatomy is the first control on Mg / Ca, not temperature. When using coralline algae for temperature reconstruction, it is first necessary to check for anatomical influences on Mg / Ca.
Thomas M. DeCarlo, Juan P. D'Olivo, Taryn Foster, Michael Holcomb, Thomas Becker, and Malcolm T. McCulloch
Biogeosciences, 14, 5253–5269, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5253-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5253-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new technique to quantify the chemical conditions under which corals build their skeletons by analysing them with lasers at a very fine resolution, down to 1/100th the width of a human hair. Our first applications to laboratory-cultured and wild corals demonstrates the complex interplay among seawater conditions (temperature and acidity), calcifying fluid chemistry, and bulk skeleton accretion, which will define the sensitivity of coral calcification to 21st century climate change.
Giulia Faucher, Linn Hoffmann, Lennart T. Bach, Cinzia Bottini, Elisabetta Erba, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 14, 3603–3613, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3603-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3603-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The main goal of this study was to understand if, similarly to the fossil record, high quantities of toxic metals induce coccolith dwarfism in coccolithophore species. We investigated, for the first time, the effects of trace metals on coccolithophore species other than E. huxleyi and on coccolith morphology and size. Our data show a species-specific sensitivity to trace metal concentration, allowing the recognition of the most-, intermediate- and least-tolerant taxa to trace metal enrichments.
Lennart J. de Nooijer, Anieke Brombacher, Antje Mewes, Gerald Langer, Gernot Nehrke, Jelle Bijma, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 14, 3387–3400, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3387-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3387-2017, 2017
Michael J. Henehan, David Evans, Madison Shankle, Janet E. Burke, Gavin L. Foster, Eleni Anagnostou, Thomas B. Chalk, Joseph A. Stewart, Claudia H. S. Alt, Joseph Durrant, and Pincelli M. Hull
Biogeosciences, 14, 3287–3308, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3287-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3287-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
It is still unclear whether foraminifera (calcifying plankton that play an important role in cycling carbon) will have difficulty in making their shells in more acidic oceans, with different studies often reporting apparently conflicting results. We used live lab cultures, mathematical models, and fossil measurements to test this question, and found low pH does reduce calcification. However, we find this response is likely size-dependent, which may have obscured this response in other studies.
Chris H. Crosby and Jake V. Bailey
Biogeosciences, 14, 2151–2154, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2151-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2151-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In the course of experiments exploring the formation of calcium phosphate minerals in a polymeric matrix, we developed a small-scale, reusable, and low-cost setup that allows microscopic observation over time for use in mineral precipitation experiments that use organic polymers as a matrix. The setup uniquely accommodates changes in solution chemistry during the course of an experiment and facilitates easy harvesting of the precipitates for subsequent analysis.
Rosie M. Sheward, Alex J. Poulton, Samantha J. Gibbs, Chris J. Daniels, and Paul R. Bown
Biogeosciences, 14, 1493–1509, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1493-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1493-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Our culture experiments on modern Coccolithophores find that physiology regulates shifts in the geometry of their carbonate shells (coccospheres) between growth phases. This provides a tool to access growth information in modern and past populations. Directly comparing modern species with fossil coccospheres derives a new proxy for investigating the physiology that underpins phytoplankton responses to environmental change through geological time.
Inge van Dijk, Lennart J. de Nooijer, and Gert-Jan Reichart
Biogeosciences, 14, 497–510, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-497-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-497-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Culturing foraminifera under controlled pCO2 conditions shows that incorporation of certain elements (Zn, Ba) into foraminiferal shells is impacted by the inorganic carbonate system. Modeling the chemical speciation of these elements suggests that incorporation is determined by the availability of free ions. Furthermore, analyzing and comparing trends in element incorporation in hyaline and porcelaneous species may provide constrains on the differences between their calcification strategies.
Ella L. Howes, Karina Kaczmarek, Markus Raitzsch, Antje Mewes, Nienke Bijma, Ingo Horn, Sambuddha Misra, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, and Jelle Bijma
Biogeosciences, 14, 415–430, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-415-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-415-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
To calculate the seawater carbonate system, proxies for 2 out of 7 parameters are required. The boron isotopic composition of foraminifera shells can be used as a proxy for pH and it has been suggested that B / Ca ratios may act as a proxy for carbonate ion concentration. However, differentiating between the effects of pH and [CO32−] is problematic, as they co-vary in natural systems. To deconvolve the effects, we conducted culture experiments with the planktonic foraminifer Orbulina universa.
Merinda C. Nash, Sophie Martin, and Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Biogeosciences, 13, 5937–5945, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5937-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5937-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We carried out a 1-year experiment on coralline algae to test how higher CO2 and temperature might change the mineral composition of the algal skeleton. We expected there to be a decline in magnesium with CO2 and an increase with temperature. We found that CO2 did not change the mineral composition, but higher temperature increased the amount of magnesium.
Anaid Rosas-Navarro, Gerald Langer, and Patrizia Ziveri
Biogeosciences, 13, 2913–2926, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2913-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2913-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The global warming debate has sparked an unprecedented interest in temperature effects on coccolithophores. We show that sub-optimal growth temperatures lead to an increase in malformed coccoliths in a strain-specific fashion and the inorganic / organic carbon has a minimum at optimum growth temperature. Global warming might cause a decline in coccoliths' inorganic carbon contribution to the "rain ratio", as well as improved fitness in some genotypes by reducing coccolith malformation.
T. Foster and P. L. Clode
Biogeosciences, 13, 1717–1722, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1717-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1717-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In recent years much research has focussed on whether corals will be able to build their skeletons under predicted ocean acidification. One strategy corals may employ is changing the mineralogy of their skeletons from aragonite to the less soluble polymorph of calcium carbonate; calcite. Here we show that newly settled coral recruits are unable to produce calcite in their skeletons under near-future elevations in pCO2, which may leave them more vulnerable to ocean acidification.
Anne Alexandre, Jérôme Balesdent, Patrick Cazevieille, Claire Chevassus-Rosset, Patrick Signoret, Jean-Charles Mazur, Araks Harutyunyan, Emmanuel Doelsch, Isabelle Basile-Doelsch, Hélène Miche, and Guaciara M. Santos
Biogeosciences, 13, 1693–1703, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1693-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1693-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This 13C labeling experiment demonstrates that carbon can be absorbed by the roots, translocated in the plant, and ultimately fixed in organic compounds subject to occlusion in silica particles that form inside plant cells (phytoliths). Plausible forms of carbon absorbed, translocated, and fixed in phytoliths are assessed. Implications for our understanding of the C cycle at the plant-soil-atmosphere interface are discussed.
M. Wall, F. Ragazzola, L. C. Foster, A. Form, and D. N. Schmidt
Biogeosciences, 12, 6869–6880, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6869-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6869-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the ability of cold-water corals to deal with changes in ocean pH. We uniquely combined morphological assessment with boron isotope analysis to determine if changes in growth are related to changes in control of calcification pH. We found that the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa can maintain the skeletal morphology, growth patterns as well as internal calcification pH. This has important implications for their future occurrence and explains their cosmopolitan distribution.
J. F. Mori, T. R. Neu, S. Lu, M. Händel, K. U. Totsche, and K. Küsel
Biogeosciences, 12, 5277–5289, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5277-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5277-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We studied filamentous macroscopic algae growing in metal-rich stream water that leaked from a former uranium-mining district. These algae were encrusted with Fe-deposits that were associated with microbes, mainly Gallionella-related Fe-oxidizing bacteria, and extracellular polymeric substances. Algae with a lower number of chloroplasts often exhibited discontinuous series of precipitates, likely due to the intercalary growth of algae which allowed them to avoid detrimental encrustation.
M. C. Nash, S. Uthicke, A. P. Negri, and N. E. Cantin
Biogeosciences, 12, 5247–5260, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5247-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5247-2015, 2015
L. T. Bach
Biogeosciences, 12, 4939–4951, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Calcification by marine organisms reacts to changing seawater carbonate chemistry, but it is unclear which components of the carbonate system drive the observed response. This study uncovers proportionalities between different carbonate chemistry parameters. These enable us to understand why calcification often correlates well with carbonate ion concentration, and they imply that net CaCO3 formation in high latitudes is not more vulnerable to ocean acidification than formation in low latitudes.
J. Thomsen, K. Haynert, K. M. Wegner, and F. Melzner
Biogeosciences, 12, 4209–4220, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4209-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4209-2015, 2015
A. Mewes, G. Langer, S. Thoms, G. Nehrke, G.-J. Reichart, L. J. de Nooijer, and J. Bijma
Biogeosciences, 12, 2153–2162, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2153-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2153-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A culture study with the benthic foraminifer Amphistegina lessonii was conducted at varying seawater [Ca2+] and constant [Mg2+]. Results showed optimum growth rates and test thickness at ambient seawater Mg/Ca and a calcite Mg/Ca which is controlled by the relative seawater ratio. Results support the conceptual biomineralization model by Nehrke et al. (2013); however, our refined flux-based model suggests transmembrane transport fractionation that is slightly weaker than expected.
Cited articles
Achal, V., Mukherjee, A., Basu, P. C., and Reddy, M. S.: Strain
improvement of Sporosarcina pasteurii for enhanced urease and
calcite production, J. Ind. Microbiol. iot., 36, 981–988,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-009-0578-z, 2009.
Achal, V., Abhijit, M., and Reddy, M. S.: Characterization of Two
Urease-Producing and Calcifying Bacillus spp. Isolated from Cement, J.
Microbiol. Biotech., 20, 1571–1576, https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1006.06032, 2010.
Addadi, L., Raz, S., and Weiner, S.: Taking Advantage of Disorder: Amorphous
Calcium Carbonate and Its Roles in Biomineralization, Adv. Mater., 15,
959–970, https://doi.org/10.1002.adma.200300381, 2003.
Al Qabany, A., Soga, K., and Santamarina, C.: Factors affecting
efficiency of microbially induced calcite precipitation, J. Geotech.
Geoenviron., 138, 992–1001,
https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000666, 2012.
Anthony, J. W., Bideaux, R. A., Bladh, K. W., and Nichols, M. C.:
Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, in: Handbook of Mineralogy,
Chantilly, VA: Mineralogical
Society of America, 5, available
at: http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org (last access: May 2018), 2003.
ASTM D2487-17: Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification
System) available at: http://www.astm.org/cgi-bin/resolver.cgi?D2487 (last access: June
2018), 2017.
Barabesi, C., Galizzi, A., Mastromei, G., Rossi, M., Tamburini, E., and
Perito, B.: Bacillus subtilis Gene Cluster Involved in
Calcium Carbonate Biomineralization, J. Bacteriol., 189, 228–235,
https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01450-06, 2007.
Bergdale, T. E., Pinkelman, R. J., Hughes, S. R., Zambelli, B., Ciurli, S.,
and Bang, S. S.: Engineered biosealant strains producing inorganic
and organic biopolymers, J. Biotechnol., 161, 181–189,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.07.001, 2012.
Cheng, L. and Cord-Ruwisch, R.: In situ soil cementation with
ureolytic bacteria by surface percolation, J. Ecol. Eng., 42, 64–72,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.01.013, 2012.
Cheng, L., Cord-Ruwisch, R., and Shahin, M. A.: Cementation of sand
soil by microbially induced calcite precipitation at various degrees of
saturation, Can. Geotech. J., 50, 81–90.
https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0023, 2013.
Claus, D. and Fahmy, F.: Genus Sporosarcina Kluyver and van Niel
1936, in: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, edited by: Mair N. S.,
Sneath, P. H. A., Sharpe, M. E., and Holt, J. G., The Williams & Wilkins
Co., Baltimore, USA, 2, 1202–1206, 1986.
Clements, L. D., Miller, B. S., and Streips, U. N.: Comparative growth
analysis of the facultative anaerobes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Escherichia coli, Syst. Appl. Microbiol.,
25, 284–286, 2002.
Cornforth, D. H.: Landslides in Practice: Investigation, Analysis,
and Remedial/Preventative Options in Soils, 1st edn., Wiley, New Jersey, USA, 2005.
Cruz-Ramos, H., Glaser, P., Wray Jr., L. V., and Fisher, S. H.: The
Bacillus subtilis ureABC Operon, J. Bacteriol., 179,
3371–3373, 1997.
DeJong, J. T., Fritzges, M. B., and Nüsslein, K.: Microbially
Induced Cementation to Control Sand Response to Undrained Shear, J. Geotech.
Geoenviron., 132, 1381–1392, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:11(1381), 2006.
DeJong, J. T., Mortensen, B. M., Martinez, B. C., and Nelson, D. C.:
Bio-mediated soil improvement, J. Ecol. Eng., 36, 197–210,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.029, 2010.
De Yoreo, J. J. and Vekilov, P. G.: Principles of crystal nucleation
and growth, Rev. Mineral. Geochem., 54, 57–93, https://doi.org/10.2113/0540057, 2003.
Environment Canada: Acid Rain FAQ, Retrieved 2016, available at:
https://www.ec.gc.ca/air/default.asp?lang=En&n=7E5E9F00-1#wsDB524826 (last access: May 2018)), 2013.
Environment Canada: Final Screening Assessment for “DSL
Bacillus licheniformis/subtilis group” (B. licheniformis/subtilis group, (Canada, Environment Canada, Health
Canada), Environment Canada, 13–17, 2015.
Gat, D., Tsesarsky, M., Shamir, D., and Ronen, Z.: Accelerated
microbial-induced CaCO3 precipitation in a defined coculture of ureolytic and
non-ureolytic bacteria, Biogeosciences, 11, 2561–2569,
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2561-2014, 2014.
Government of Canada: Almanac Averages and Extremes for April 21,
Retrieved 2016, available at: http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_
data/almanac_e.html?StationID=4333&period=30&searchMethod=begins&txtStationName=Ottawa&month=4&day=2, 2017.
Gower, L.: Biomimetic model systems for investigating the amorphous
precursor pathway and its role in biomineralization, Chem. Rev.,108, 4551–4627, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr800443h, 2008.
Gruninger, S. E. and Goldman, M.: Evidence for urea cycle activity
in Sporosarcina ureae, Arch. Microbiol., 150, 394–399,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408313, 1988.
Hach Co.: Nitrogen Ammonia Salicylate Method [Technical Manual]: available at:
https://www.hach.com/asset-get.download.jsa?id=7639983625, (last access: 7 June
2018), 2015.
Hammes, F., Boon, N., Villiers, J., Verstraete, W., and Siciliano, S. D.:
Strain-Specific Ureolytic Microbial Calcium Carbonate Precipitation,
Appl. Environ. Microb., 69, 4901–4909,
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.8.4901-4909.2003, 2003.
Harbottle, M., Mugwar, A. J., and Botusharova, S.: Aspects of
Implementation and Long Term Performance of
Biologically Induced Mineralisation of Carbonates in Porous Media, 26th
Goldschmidt Conference, Yokohoma, Japan, 26 June–1 July 2016, p .1051, 2016.
Hommel, J., Lauchnor, E., Phillips, A., Gerlach, R., Cunningham, A. B.,
Helmig, R., Ebigbo, A., and Class, H.: A revised model for
microbially induced calcite precipitation: Improvements and new insights
based on recent experiments, Water Resour. Res., 51, 3695–3715,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016503, 2015.
Jahns, T.: Ammonium/urea-dependent generation of a proton
electrochemical potential and synthesis of ATP in
Bacillus pasteurii, J. Bacteriol., 178, 403–409, https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.178.2.403-409.1996, 1996.
Jia, H. and Jian, C.: Cementation of sand due to salt
precipitation in drying process, Mar. Georesour. Geotec., 35,
441–445, https://doi.org/10.1080/1064119X.2016.1168498, 2016.
Jonkers, H. M.: Bacteria-based self-healing concrete, Heron,
56, 1–12, 2011.
Kang, C., Kwon, Y., and So, J.: Soil Bioconsolidation Through
Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation by Lysinibacillus sphaericus WJ-8,
Geomicrobiol. J., 33, 473–478, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2015.1053581, 2015.
Karol, R. H.: Chemical Grouting And Soil Stabilization,
Revised And Expanded, 3rd edn., Taylor & Francis
Inc., New York, NY, USA, 2003.
Krishnapriya, S., Venkatesh Babu, D. L., and Prince Arulraj, G.:
Isolation and identification of bacteria to improve the strength of concrete,
Microbiol. Res., 174, 48–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2015.03.009,
2015.
Lauchnor, E. G., Topp, D. M., Parker, A. E., and Gerlach, R.: Whole
cell kinetics of ureolysis by Sporosarcina pasteurii, J. Appl. Microbiol., 118, 1321–1332, https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.12804, 2015.
Le Métayer-Levrela, G., Castaniera, S., Orialb, G., Loubièrec, J.-F,
and Perthuisota, J.-P.: Applications of bacterial carbonatogenesis to
the protection and regeneration of limestones in buildings and historic
patrimony, Sed. Geo., 126, 25–34, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0037-0738(99)00029-9, 1999.
Li, M., Fu, Q.-L, Zhang, Q., and Achal, V.: Bio-grout based on
microbially induced sand solidification by means of asparaginase activity,
Sci. Rep., 5, 16128, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16128, 2015.
Li, P. and Qu, W.: Bioremediation of historic architectural
heritages by Sporosarcina pasteurii, 1st International Conference on Electric
Technology and Civil Engineering, Lushan, China, 22–24 April, 1084–1087,
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775264, 2011.
Lin, W., Mathys, V., Ang, E. L., Koh, V. H., Gomez, J. M., Ang, M. L., and
Alonso, S.: Urease Activity Represents an Alternative Pathway for
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nitrogen Metabolism, Infect. Immun.,
80, 2771–2179, https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.06195-11, 2012.
Litvan, G. G.: Freeze-Thaw Durability of Porous Building
Materials, (Tech. No. STP691), https://doi.org/10.1520/STP36080S, 1980.
Mesinger, F., DiMego, G., Kalnay, E., and Mitchell, K.: North
American Regional Reanalysis, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 87,
343–360, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-87-3-343, 2006.
Mitchell, A. C. and Ferris, F. G.: The influence of Bacillus pasteurii on the nucleation and growth of calcium carbonate, Geomicrobiol. J., 23, 213–226,
2006.
Mitchell, J. K. and Santamarina, J. C.: Biological considerations in
geotechnical engineering, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 131,
1222–1233, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:10(1222), 2005.
Mobley, H. L. T. and Hausinger, R. P.: Microbial ureases:
significance, regulation, and molecular characterization, Microbiol. Mol.
Biol. R., 53, 85–108, 1989.
Mobley, H. L. T., Island, M. D., and Hausinger, R. P.: Molecular biology
of microbial ureases, Microbiol. Rev., 59, 451–480, 1995.
Mobley, H. L., Mendz, G. L., and Hazell, S. L.: Helicobacter
pylori: Physiology and Genetics, Retrieved 2016, available at:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2408/ (last access: May 2018), 2001.
Moore, L. W. and Rene, V.: Liquid nitrogen storage of phytopathogenic
bacteria, Phytophathology, 65, 246–250, 1975.
Mörsdorf, K. and Kaltwasser, H.: Ammonium assimilation in
Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus pasteurii and Sporosarcina
ureae, Arch. Microbiol., 152, 125–131, 1989.
Nakata, Y., Kato, Y., Hyodo, M., Hyde, A. F., and Murata, H.: One
Dimensional Compression Behaviour of Uniformly Graded Sand Related to
Particle Crushing Strength, Soils Found., 41, 39–51,
https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.41.2_39, 2001.
Ni, M. and Ratner, B. D.: Differentiation of Calcium Carbonate
Polymorphs by Surface Analysis Techniques – An
XPS and TOF-SIMS study, Surf. Interface Anal., 40, 1356–1361,
https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.2904, 2008.
Park, J., Park, S., Kim, W., and Ghim, S.: Application of
Bacillus subtilis 168 as a Multifunctional Agent for Improvement of
the Durability of Cement Mortar. J. Microbiol. Biotechn., 22,
1568–1574, https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1202.02047, 2012.
Patel, P.: Helping Concrete Heal Itself, ACS Cent Sci., 1,
470–472, https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00376, 2015.
Reardon, J., Foreman, J. A., and Searcy, R. L.: New reactants for the
colorimetric determination of ammonia, Clin.
Chim. Acta., 14, 403–405, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(66)90120-3, 1966.
Rodriquez-Navarro, C., Jroundi, F., Schiro, M., Ruiz-Agudo, E., and
González-Muñoz, M. T.: Influence of Substrate Mineralogy on
Bacterial Mineralization of Calcium Carbonate: Implications for Stone
Conservation, Appl. Environ. Microb., 78, 4017–4029, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.07044-11, 2012.
Sarmast, M., Farpoor, M. H., Sarcheshmehpoor, M., and Eghbal, M. K.:
Micromorphological and Biocalcification Effects of Sporosarcina pasteurii and Sporosarcina ureae in Sandy Soil Columns, J. Agric.
Sci. Technol., 16, 681–693. 2014.
Scott, J. S.: Dictionary of Civil Engineering, 4th edn., Chapman & Hall, New
York, NY, USA, 1991.
Southam, G.: Bacterial Surface-Mediated Mineral Formation, in: Environmental Microbe Metal Interactions, edited by: Lovley,
D., ASM Press, Washington, DC, USA, 257–276, https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555818098.ch12, 2000.
Stocks-Fischer, S., Galinat, J. K., and Bang, S. S.: Microbiological
precipitation of CaCO3, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1563–1571,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00082-6, 1999.
Stuart, C. A., Van Stratum, E., and Rustigian, R.: Further Studies on
Urease Production by Proteus and Related Organisms, J. Bacteriol.,
49, 437–444, 1945.
van Paassen, L. A., Harkers, M. P., van Zwieten, G. A., van der Zon, W. H.,
van der Star, W. R., and van Loosdrecht, M. C.: Scale up of BioGrout:
a biological ground reinforcement method, 17th International Conference
on Soil, Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Alexandria, Egypt, 5–9 October 2009, 2328–2333, https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-031-5-2328, 2009.
van Paassen, L. A., Daza, C. M., Staal, M., Sorokin, D. Y., van der Zon, W.,
and van Loosdrecht, M. C.: Potential soil reinforcement by biological
denitrification. J. Ecol. Eng., 36, 168–175,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.03.026, 2010.
van Tittelboom, K., De Belie, N., De Muynck, W., and Verstraete, W.:
Use of bacteria to repair cracks in concrete, Cem. Concr. Res.,
40, 157–166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.025, 2010.
Webster, A. and May, E.: Bioremediation of weathered-building stone
surfaces, Trends Biotechnol., 24, 255–260,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.04.005, 2006.
Whiffin, V. S.: Microbial CaCO3 precipitation for the production of
biocement, PhD Thesis, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia, 1–162, 2004.
Whiffin, V. S., van Paassen, L. A., and Harkes, M. P.: Microbial
Carbonate Precipitation as a Soil Improvement Technique, Geomicrobiol.
J., 24, 417–423, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450701436505, 2007.
Whitaker, J., Fortin, D., and Vanapalli, S.: “Supplementary
data – Biological, chemical and/or mechanical behaviour in liquid culture and
MICP reinforced sands”, Mendeley Data, v1, available at:
http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/crnykvnt42.1, last access: 18 July 2018.
Worcester, E. M. and Coe, F. L.: Nephrolithiasis, Prim.
Care, 35, 369–391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2008.01.005, 2008.
Yoon, J. H., Lee, K. C., Weiss, N., Kho, Y. H., Kang, K. H., and Park, Y. H.:
Sporosarcina aquimarina sp. nov., a
bacterium isolated from seawater in Korea, and transfer of Bacillus globisporus (Larkin and Stokes, 1967),
Bacillus psychrophilus (Nakamura, 1984) and Bacillus pasteurii (Chester, 1898) to the genus Sporosarcina as
Sporosarcina globispora comb. nov., Sporosarcina psychrophila comb. nov. and Sporosarcina pasteurii comb.
nov., and emended description of the genus Sporosarcina., Int J.
Syst. Evol. Micr., 51, 1079–1086, https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-51-3-1079, 2001.
Zeng, C., Zheng, J., Cui, M., and Yao, X.: Effection of Water Content
on the Strength of Bio-Cemented Sand in
Various Drying Process, 2nd International Symposium on Asia Urban
GeoEngineering, Changsha, China, 24–27 November 2017, 23–25, 2018.
Short summary
Materials, like soils or cements, can require repair. This study used a new bacterium (Sporosarcina ureae) in a repair method called "microbially induced carbonate precipitation" (MICP). In three trials, benefits were shown: S. ureae could make a model sandy soil much stronger by MICP, in fact better than a lot of other bacteria. However, MICP-treated samples got weaker in three trials of acid rain. In conclusion, S. ureae in MICP repair shows promise when used in appropriate climates.
Materials, like soils or cements, can require repair. This study used a new bacterium...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint