Articles | Volume 15, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3169-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3169-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
29 May 2018
Research article |
| 29 May 2018
| 29 May 2018
Dimethyl sulfide dynamics in first-year sea ice melt ponds in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Margaux Gourdal
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Département de biologie, Québec-Océan and Unité Mixte
Internationale 3376 TAKUVIK, CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la
Médecine, Ville de Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
Martine Lizotte
Département de biologie, Québec-Océan and Unité Mixte
Internationale 3376 TAKUVIK, CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la
Médecine, Ville de Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
Guillaume Massé
Département de biologie, Québec-Océan and Unité Mixte
Internationale 3376 TAKUVIK, CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la
Médecine, Ville de Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
Michel Gosselin
Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du
Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec
G5L 3A1, Canada
Michel Poulin
Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443,
Station D, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada
Michael Scarratt
Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, P.O. Box
1000, Mont-Joli, Québec G5H 3Z4, Canada
Joannie Charette
Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du
Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec
G5L 3A1, Canada
Maurice Levasseur
Département de biologie, Québec-Océan and Unité Mixte
Internationale 3376 TAKUVIK, CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la
Médecine, Ville de Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
Related authors
Martine Lizotte, Maurice Levasseur, Virginie Galindo, Margaux Gourdal, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Marjolaine Blais, Joannie Charette, and Rachel Hussherr
Biogeosciences, 17, 1557–1581, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1557-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1557-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study brings further support to the premise that the prevalence of younger and thinner icescapes over older and thicker ones in the Canadian High Arctic favors the early development of under-ice microorganisms as well as their production of the climate-relevant gas dimethylsulfide (DMS). Given the rapid rate of climate-driven changes in Arctic sea ice, our results suggest implications for the timing and magnitude of DMS pulses in the Arctic, with ramifications for climate forecasting.
Philippe Massicotte, Rémi Amiraux, Marie-Pier Amyot, Philippe Archambault, Mathieu Ardyna, Laurent Arnaud, Lise Artigue, Cyril Aubry, Pierre Ayotte, Guislain Bécu, Simon Bélanger, Ronald Benner, Henry C. Bittig, Annick Bricaud, Éric Brossier, Flavienne Bruyant, Laurent Chauvaud, Debra Christiansen-Stowe, Hervé Claustre, Véronique Cornet-Barthaux, Pierre Coupel, Christine Cox, Aurelie Delaforge, Thibaud Dezutter, Céline Dimier, Florent Domine, Francis Dufour, Christiane Dufresne, Dany Dumont, Jens Ehn, Brent Else, Joannie Ferland, Marie-Hélène Forget, Louis Fortier, Martí Galí, Virginie Galindo, Morgane Gallinari, Nicole Garcia, Catherine Gérikas Ribeiro, Margaux Gourdal, Priscilla Gourvil, Clemence Goyens, Pierre-Luc Grondin, Pascal Guillot, Caroline Guilmette, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Fabien Joux, Léo Lacour, Thomas Lacour, Augustin Lafond, José Lagunas, Catherine Lalande, Julien Laliberté, Simon Lambert-Girard, Jade Larivière, Johann Lavaud, Anita LeBaron, Karine Leblanc, Florence Le Gall, Justine Legras, Mélanie Lemire, Maurice Levasseur, Edouard Leymarie, Aude Leynaert, Adriana Lopes dos Santos, Antonio Lourenço, David Mah, Claudie Marec, Dominique Marie, Nicolas Martin, Constance Marty, Sabine Marty, Guillaume Massé, Atsushi Matsuoka, Lisa Matthes, Brivaela Moriceau, Pierre-Emmanuel Muller, Christopher-John Mundy, Griet Neukermans, Laurent Oziel, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Jean-Jacques Pangrazi, Ghislain Picard, Marc Picheral, France Pinczon du Sel, Nicole Pogorzelec, Ian Probert, Bernard Quéguiner, Patrick Raimbault, Joséphine Ras, Eric Rehm, Erin Reimer, Jean-François Rontani, Søren Rysgaard, Blanche Saint-Béat, Makoto Sampei, Julie Sansoulet, Catherine Schmechtig, Sabine Schmidt, Richard Sempéré, Caroline Sévigny, Yuan Shen, Margot Tragin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Daniel Vaulot, Gauthier Verin, Frédéric Vivier, Anda Vladoiu, Jeremy Whitehead, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 151–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-151-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-151-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Green Edge initiative was developed to understand the processes controlling the primary productivity and the fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic spring bloom (PSB). In this article, we present an overview of an extensive and comprehensive dataset acquired during two expeditions conducted in 2015 and 2016 on landfast ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay.
Nicolas Schiffrine, Fatma Dhifallah, Kaven Dionne, Michel Poulin, Sylvie Lessard, André Rochon, and Michel Gosselin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-19, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-19, 2024
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Growing concern arises in the Arctic Ocean as toxic/harmful phytoplankton emerges due to climate change. The potential surge in these occurrences threatens both human health and the Arctic ecosystem. Our ongoing research yields insights into spatial patterns and biodiversity, challenging the belief that the Arctic is unsuitable for toxic/harmful algal events. This work underscores the need to comprehend and address the ecological impact of these emerging species in the Arctic environment.
Hannah Sharpe, Michel Gosselin, Catherine Lalande, Alexandre Normandeau, Jean-Carlos Montero-Serrano, Khouloud Baccara, Daniel Bourgault, Owen Sherwood, and Audrey Limoges
Biogeosciences, 20, 4981–5001, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4981-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the impact of submarine canyon processes within the Pointe-des-Monts system on biogenic matter export and phytoplankton assemblages. Using data from three oceanographic moorings, we show that the canyon experienced two low-amplitude sediment remobilization events in 2020–2021 that led to enhanced particle fluxes in the deep-water column layer > 2.6 km offshore. Sinking phytoplankton fluxes were lower near the canyon compared to background values from the lower St. Lawrence Estuary.
Martine Lizotte, Bennet Juhls, Atsushi Matsuoka, Philippe Massicotte, Gaëlle Mével, David Obie James Anikina, Sofia Antonova, Guislain Bécu, Marine Béguin, Simon Bélanger, Thomas Bossé-Demers, Lisa Bröder, Flavienne Bruyant, Gwénaëlle Chaillou, Jérôme Comte, Raoul-Marie Couture, Emmanuel Devred, Gabrièle Deslongchamps, Thibaud Dezutter, Miles Dillon, David Doxaran, Aude Flamand, Frank Fell, Joannie Ferland, Marie-Hélène Forget, Michael Fritz, Thomas J. Gordon, Caroline Guilmette, Andrea Hilborn, Rachel Hussherr, Charlotte Irish, Fabien Joux, Lauren Kipp, Audrey Laberge-Carignan, Hugues Lantuit, Edouard Leymarie, Antonio Mannino, Juliette Maury, Paul Overduin, Laurent Oziel, Colin Stedmon, Crystal Thomas, Lucas Tisserand, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Jorien Vonk, Dustin Whalen, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1617–1653, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1617-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1617-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in the Mackenzie Delta region results in the release of organic matter into the coastal marine environment. What happens to this carbon-rich organic matter as it transits along the fresh to salty aquatic environments is still underdocumented. Four expeditions were conducted from April to September 2019 in the coastal area of the Beaufort Sea to study the fate of organic matter. This paper describes a rich set of data characterizing the composition and sources of organic matter.
Flavienne Bruyant, Rémi Amiraux, Marie-Pier Amyot, Philippe Archambault, Lise Artigue, Lucas Barbedo de Freitas, Guislain Bécu, Simon Bélanger, Pascaline Bourgain, Annick Bricaud, Etienne Brouard, Camille Brunet, Tonya Burgers, Danielle Caleb, Katrine Chalut, Hervé Claustre, Véronique Cornet-Barthaux, Pierre Coupel, Marine Cusa, Fanny Cusset, Laeticia Dadaglio, Marty Davelaar, Gabrièle Deslongchamps, Céline Dimier, Julie Dinasquet, Dany Dumont, Brent Else, Igor Eulaers, Joannie Ferland, Gabrielle Filteau, Marie-Hélène Forget, Jérome Fort, Louis Fortier, Martí Galí, Morgane Gallinari, Svend-Erik Garbus, Nicole Garcia, Catherine Gérikas Ribeiro, Colline Gombault, Priscilla Gourvil, Clémence Goyens, Cindy Grant, Pierre-Luc Grondin, Pascal Guillot, Sandrine Hillion, Rachel Hussherr, Fabien Joux, Hannah Joy-Warren, Gabriel Joyal, David Kieber, Augustin Lafond, José Lagunas, Patrick Lajeunesse, Catherine Lalande, Jade Larivière, Florence Le Gall, Karine Leblanc, Mathieu Leblanc, Justine Legras, Keith Lévesque, Kate-M. Lewis, Edouard Leymarie, Aude Leynaert, Thomas Linkowski, Martine Lizotte, Adriana Lopes dos Santos, Claudie Marec, Dominique Marie, Guillaume Massé, Philippe Massicotte, Atsushi Matsuoka, Lisa A. Miller, Sharif Mirshak, Nathalie Morata, Brivaela Moriceau, Philippe-Israël Morin, Simon Morisset, Anders Mosbech, Alfonso Mucci, Gabrielle Nadaï, Christian Nozais, Ingrid Obernosterer, Thimoté Paire, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Marie Parenteau, Noémie Pelletier, Marc Picheral, Bernard Quéguiner, Patrick Raimbault, Joséphine Ras, Eric Rehm, Llúcia Ribot Lacosta, Jean-François Rontani, Blanche Saint-Béat, Julie Sansoulet, Noé Sardet, Catherine Schmechtig, Antoine Sciandra, Richard Sempéré, Caroline Sévigny, Jordan Toullec, Margot Tragin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Annie-Pier Trottier, Daniel Vaulot, Anda Vladoiu, Lei Xue, Gustavo Yunda-Guarin, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4607–4642, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4607-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4607-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a dataset acquired during a research cruise held in Baffin Bay in 2016. We observed that the disappearance of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean increases both the length and spatial extent of the phytoplankton growth season. In the future, this will impact the food webs on which the local populations depend for their food supply and fisheries. This dataset will provide insight into quantifying these impacts and help the decision-making process for policymakers.
Kate E. Ashley, Xavier Crosta, Johan Etourneau, Philippine Campagne, Harry Gilchrist, Uthmaan Ibraheem, Sarah E. Greene, Sabine Schmidt, Yvette Eley, Guillaume Massé, and James Bendle
Biogeosciences, 18, 5555–5571, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5555-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5555-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We explore the potential for the use of carbon isotopes of algal fatty acid as a new proxy for past primary productivity in Antarctic coastal zones. Coastal polynyas are hotspots of primary productivity and are known to draw down CO2 from the atmosphere. Reconstructions of past productivity changes could provide a baseline for the role of these areas as sinks for atmospheric CO2.
Philippe Massicotte, Rainer M. W. Amon, David Antoine, Philippe Archambault, Sergio Balzano, Simon Bélanger, Ronald Benner, Dominique Boeuf, Annick Bricaud, Flavienne Bruyant, Gwenaëlle Chaillou, Malik Chami, Bruno Charrière, Jing Chen, Hervé Claustre, Pierre Coupel, Nicole Delsaut, David Doxaran, Jens Ehn, Cédric Fichot, Marie-Hélène Forget, Pingqing Fu, Jonathan Gagnon, Nicole Garcia, Beat Gasser, Jean-François Ghiglione, Gaby Gorsky, Michel Gosselin, Priscillia Gourvil, Yves Gratton, Pascal Guillot, Hermann J. Heipieper, Serge Heussner, Stanford B. Hooker, Yannick Huot, Christian Jeanthon, Wade Jeffrey, Fabien Joux, Kimitaka Kawamura, Bruno Lansard, Edouard Leymarie, Heike Link, Connie Lovejoy, Claudie Marec, Dominique Marie, Johannie Martin, Jacobo Martín, Guillaume Massé, Atsushi Matsuoka, Vanessa McKague, Alexandre Mignot, William L. Miller, Juan-Carlos Miquel, Alfonso Mucci, Kaori Ono, Eva Ortega-Retuerta, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Tim Papakyriakou, Marc Picheral, Louis Prieur, Patrick Raimbault, Joséphine Ras, Rick A. Reynolds, André Rochon, Jean-François Rontani, Catherine Schmechtig, Sabine Schmidt, Richard Sempéré, Yuan Shen, Guisheng Song, Dariusz Stramski, Eri Tachibana, Alexandre Thirouard, Imma Tolosa, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Mickael Vaïtilingom, Daniel Vaulot, Frédéric Vaultier, John K. Volkman, Huixiang Xie, Guangming Zheng, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1561–1592, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1561-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1561-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The MALINA oceanographic expedition was conducted in the Mackenzie River and the Beaufort Sea systems. The sampling was performed across seven shelf–basin transects to capture the meridional gradient between the estuary and the open ocean. The main goal of this research program was to better understand how processes such as primary production are influencing the fate of organic matter originating from the surrounding terrestrial landscape during its transition toward the Arctic Ocean.
Kate E. Ashley, Robert McKay, Johan Etourneau, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Alan Condron, Anna Albot, Xavier Crosta, Christina Riesselman, Osamu Seki, Guillaume Massé, Nicholas R. Golledge, Edward Gasson, Daniel P. Lowry, Nicholas E. Barrand, Katelyn Johnson, Nancy Bertler, Carlota Escutia, Robert Dunbar, and James A. Bendle
Clim. Past, 17, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a multi-proxy record of Holocene glacial meltwater input, sediment transport, and sea-ice variability off East Antarctica. Our record shows that a rapid Antarctic sea-ice increase during the mid-Holocene (~ 4.5 ka) occurred against a backdrop of increasing glacial meltwater input and gradual climate warming. We suggest that mid-Holocene ice shelf cavity expansion led to cooling of surface waters and sea-ice growth, which slowed basal ice shelf melting.
Mathieu Casado, Gwenaëlle Gremion, Paul Rosenbaum, Jilda Alicia Caccavo, Kelsey Aho, Nicolas Champollion, Sarah L. Connors, Adrian Dahood, Alfonso Fernandez, Martine Lizotte, Katja Mintenbeck, Elvira Poloczanska, and Gerlis Fugmann
Geosci. Commun., 3, 89–97, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-89-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-89-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Early-career scientists (ECSs) are rarely invited to act as peer reviewers. Participating in a group peer review of the IPCC Special Report on Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, PhD students spent more time reviewing than more established scientists and provided a similar proportion of substantive comments. By soliciting and including ECSs in peer review, the scientific community would reduce the burden on more established scientists and may improve the quality of that process.
Martine Lizotte, Maurice Levasseur, Virginie Galindo, Margaux Gourdal, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Marjolaine Blais, Joannie Charette, and Rachel Hussherr
Biogeosciences, 17, 1557–1581, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1557-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1557-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study brings further support to the premise that the prevalence of younger and thinner icescapes over older and thicker ones in the Canadian High Arctic favors the early development of under-ice microorganisms as well as their production of the climate-relevant gas dimethylsulfide (DMS). Given the rapid rate of climate-driven changes in Arctic sea ice, our results suggest implications for the timing and magnitude of DMS pulses in the Arctic, with ramifications for climate forecasting.
Philippe Massicotte, Rémi Amiraux, Marie-Pier Amyot, Philippe Archambault, Mathieu Ardyna, Laurent Arnaud, Lise Artigue, Cyril Aubry, Pierre Ayotte, Guislain Bécu, Simon Bélanger, Ronald Benner, Henry C. Bittig, Annick Bricaud, Éric Brossier, Flavienne Bruyant, Laurent Chauvaud, Debra Christiansen-Stowe, Hervé Claustre, Véronique Cornet-Barthaux, Pierre Coupel, Christine Cox, Aurelie Delaforge, Thibaud Dezutter, Céline Dimier, Florent Domine, Francis Dufour, Christiane Dufresne, Dany Dumont, Jens Ehn, Brent Else, Joannie Ferland, Marie-Hélène Forget, Louis Fortier, Martí Galí, Virginie Galindo, Morgane Gallinari, Nicole Garcia, Catherine Gérikas Ribeiro, Margaux Gourdal, Priscilla Gourvil, Clemence Goyens, Pierre-Luc Grondin, Pascal Guillot, Caroline Guilmette, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Fabien Joux, Léo Lacour, Thomas Lacour, Augustin Lafond, José Lagunas, Catherine Lalande, Julien Laliberté, Simon Lambert-Girard, Jade Larivière, Johann Lavaud, Anita LeBaron, Karine Leblanc, Florence Le Gall, Justine Legras, Mélanie Lemire, Maurice Levasseur, Edouard Leymarie, Aude Leynaert, Adriana Lopes dos Santos, Antonio Lourenço, David Mah, Claudie Marec, Dominique Marie, Nicolas Martin, Constance Marty, Sabine Marty, Guillaume Massé, Atsushi Matsuoka, Lisa Matthes, Brivaela Moriceau, Pierre-Emmanuel Muller, Christopher-John Mundy, Griet Neukermans, Laurent Oziel, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Jean-Jacques Pangrazi, Ghislain Picard, Marc Picheral, France Pinczon du Sel, Nicole Pogorzelec, Ian Probert, Bernard Quéguiner, Patrick Raimbault, Joséphine Ras, Eric Rehm, Erin Reimer, Jean-François Rontani, Søren Rysgaard, Blanche Saint-Béat, Makoto Sampei, Julie Sansoulet, Catherine Schmechtig, Sabine Schmidt, Richard Sempéré, Caroline Sévigny, Yuan Shen, Margot Tragin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Daniel Vaulot, Gauthier Verin, Frédéric Vivier, Anda Vladoiu, Jeremy Whitehead, and Marcel Babin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 151–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-151-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-151-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Green Edge initiative was developed to understand the processes controlling the primary productivity and the fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic spring bloom (PSB). In this article, we present an overview of an extensive and comprehensive dataset acquired during two expeditions conducted in 2015 and 2016 on landfast ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay.
Roya Ghahreman, Wanmin Gong, Martí Galí, Ann-Lise Norman, Stephen R. Beagley, Ayodeji Akingunola, Qiong Zheng, Alexandru Lupu, Martine Lizotte, Maurice Levasseur, and W. Richard Leaitch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14455–14476, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14455-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14455-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric DMS(g) is a climatically important compound and the main source of biogenic sulfate in the Arctic. Its abundance in the Arctic increases during summer due to greater ice-free sea surface and higher biological activity. In this study, we implemented DMS(g) in a regional air quality forecast model configured for the Arctic. The study showed a significant impact from DMS(g) on sulfate aerosols, particularly in the 50–100 nm size range, in the Arctic marine boundary layer during summer.
Victoria E. Irish, Sarah J. Hanna, Yu Xi, Matthew Boyer, Elena Polishchuk, Mohamed Ahmed, Jessie Chen, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Michel Gosselin, Rachel Chang, Lisa A. Miller, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7775–7787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7775-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7775-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is a source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs). In this study we compared INPs measured in microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic in 2016 to those measured in 2014. A strong negative correlation between salinity and freezing temperatures was observed, possibly due to INPs associated with melting sea ice. In addition, although spatial patterns of INPs and salinities were similar in 2014 and 2016, the concentrations of INPs were on average higher in 2016.
Rashed Mahmood, Knut von Salzen, Ann-Lise Norman, Martí Galí, and Maurice Levasseur
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6419–6435, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6419-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6419-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates impacts of surface seawater dimethylsulfide on Arctic sulfate aerosol budget, changes in cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC), and cloud radiative forcing under current and future sea ice conditions using an atmospheric global climate model. In the future, sulfate wet removal efficiency is increased by enhanced precipitation; however, simulated aerosol nucleation rates are higher, which result in an overall increase in CDNC and negative cloud radiative forcing.
Robin Bénard, Maurice Levasseur, Michael Scarratt, Sonia Michaud, Michel Starr, Alfonso Mucci, Gustavo Ferreyra, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Martine Lizotte, and Gui-Peng Yang
Biogeosciences, 16, 1167–1185, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present rare data on the combined effects of acidification and warming on dimethylsulfide (DMS) during a mesocosm experiment. Our results show a reduction of DMS under elevated pCO2, but warming the mesocosms by 5 °C translated into a positive offset in concentrations of DMS over the whole range of pCO2 tested. Our results suggest that warming could mitigate the expected reduction in DMS production due to OA, even increasing the net DMS production, with possible repercussions for the climate.
Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, W. Richard Leaitch, Amir A. Aliabadi, Allan K. Bertram, Jean-Pierre Blanchet, Aude Boivin-Rioux, Heiko Bozem, Julia Burkart, Rachel Y. W. Chang, Joannie Charette, Jai P. Chaubey, Robert J. Christensen, Ana Cirisan, Douglas B. Collins, Betty Croft, Joelle Dionne, Greg J. Evans, Christopher G. Fletcher, Martí Galí, Roya Ghahreman, Eric Girard, Wanmin Gong, Michel Gosselin, Margaux Gourdal, Sarah J. Hanna, Hakase Hayashida, Andreas B. Herber, Sareh Hesaraki, Peter Hoor, Lin Huang, Rachel Hussherr, Victoria E. Irish, Setigui A. Keita, John K. Kodros, Franziska Köllner, Felicia Kolonjari, Daniel Kunkel, Luis A. Ladino, Kathy Law, Maurice Levasseur, Quentin Libois, John Liggio, Martine Lizotte, Katrina M. Macdonald, Rashed Mahmood, Randall V. Martin, Ryan H. Mason, Lisa A. Miller, Alexander Moravek, Eric Mortenson, Emma L. Mungall, Jennifer G. Murphy, Maryam Namazi, Ann-Lise Norman, Norman T. O'Neill, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Lynn M. Russell, Johannes Schneider, Hannes Schulz, Sangeeta Sharma, Meng Si, Ralf M. Staebler, Nadja S. Steiner, Jennie L. Thomas, Knut von Salzen, Jeremy J. B. Wentzell, Megan D. Willis, Gregory R. Wentworth, Jun-Wei Xu, and Jacqueline D. Yakobi-Hancock
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2527–2560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2527-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2527-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is experiencing considerable environmental change with climate warming, illustrated by the dramatic decrease in sea-ice extent. It is important to understand both the natural and perturbed Arctic systems to gain a better understanding of how they will change in the future. This paper summarizes new insights into the relationships between Arctic aerosol particles and climate, as learned over the past five or so years by a large Canadian research consortium, NETCARE.
Eleanor Georgiadis, Jacques Giraudeau, Philippe Martinez, Patrick Lajeunesse, Guillaume St-Onge, Sabine Schmidt, and Guillaume Massé
Clim. Past, 14, 1991–2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1991-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1991-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present our results from a radiocarbon-dated core collected in central Nares Strait, NW Greenland. Sedimentological and geochemical data reveal that marine sedimentation began ca. 9.0 cal ka BP with the complete opening of the strait occurring at 8.3 cal ka BP. The collapse of the glacial buttress in central Nares Strait led to accelerated glacial fluxes of the bordering ice sheets between 8.3 and 7.5 cal ka BP, while the Humboldt Glacier retreated in eastern Kane Basin ca. 8.1 cal ka BP.
Robin Bénard, Maurice Levasseur, Michael Scarratt, Marie-Amélie Blais, Alfonso Mucci, Gustavo Ferreyra, Michel Starr, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, and Martine Lizotte
Biogeosciences, 15, 4883–4904, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the combined effect of ocean acidification and warming on the dynamics of the phytoplankton fall boom in the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada. Twelve 2600 L mesocosms were used to cover a wide range of pH and two temperatures. We found that warming, rather than acidification, is more likely to alter the autumnal bloom in this estuary in the decades to come by stimulating the development and senescence of diatoms, and promoting picocyanobacteria proliferation.
Martí Galí, Maurice Levasseur, Emmanuel Devred, Rafel Simó, and Marcel Babin
Biogeosciences, 15, 3497–3519, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3497-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3497-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new algorithm to estimate the sea-surface concentration of dimethylsulfide (DMS) using satellite data. DMS is a gas produced by marine plankton that, once emitted to the atmosphere, plays a key climatic role by seeding cloud formation. We used the algorithm to produce global DMS maps and also regional DMS time series. The latter suggest that DMS can vary largely from one year to another, which should be taken into account in atmospheric studies.
Tereza Jarníková, John Dacey, Martine Lizotte, Maurice Levasseur, and Philippe Tortell
Biogeosciences, 15, 2449–2465, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2449-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2449-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents some of the first high-resolution measurements of a biologically-produced climate-active sulfur gas (dimethylsulfide – DMS) ever made in the Canadian Arctic, taken using two novel high-resolution sampling techniques aboard an icebreaker in the summer of 2015. We show increased concentrations of DMS and its precursors in frontal zones and areas of high sea ice accumulation. Our results provide a snapshot of climate-active gas dynamics in a rapidly changing Arctic.
Martine Lizotte, Maurice Levasseur, Cliff S. Law, Carolyn F. Walker, Karl A. Safi, Andrew Marriner, and Ronald P. Kiene
Ocean Sci., 13, 961–982, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-961-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-961-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
During a 4-week oceanographic cruise in 2012, we investigated the water masses bordering the subtropical front near New Zealand as sources of the biogenic gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS). DMS oxidation products may influence the atmospheric radiative budget of the Earth. Concentrations of DMS were high in the study region and DMS's precursor, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, showed a strong association with phytoplankton biomass in relation to the persistent dominance of dinoflagellates/coccolithophores.
Cliff S. Law, Murray J. Smith, Mike J. Harvey, Thomas G. Bell, Luke T. Cravigan, Fiona C. Elliott, Sarah J. Lawson, Martine Lizotte, Andrew Marriner, John McGregor, Zoran Ristovski, Karl A. Safi, Eric S. Saltzman, Petri Vaattovaara, and Carolyn F. Walker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13645–13667, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13645-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13645-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We carried out a multidisciplinary study to examine how aerosol production is influenced by the production and emission of trace gases and particles in the surface ocean. Phytoplankton blooms of different species composition in frontal waters southeast of New Zealand were a significant source of dimethylsulfide and other aerosol precursors. The relationships between surface ocean biogeochemistry and aerosol composition will inform the understanding of aerosol production over the remote ocean.
Douglas B. Collins, Julia Burkart, Rachel Y.-W. Chang, Martine Lizotte, Aude Boivin-Rioux, Marjolaine Blais, Emma L. Mungall, Matthew Boyer, Victoria E. Irish, Guillaume Massé, Daniel Kunkel, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Tim Papakyriakou, Allan K. Bertram, Heiko Bozem, Michel Gosselin, Maurice Levasseur, and Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13119–13138, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13119-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13119-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The sources of aerosol particles and their growth to sizes large enough to act as cloud droplet seeds is of major importance to climate since clouds exert substantial control over the atmospheric energy balance. Using ship-board measurements from two summers in the Canadian Arctic, aerosol formation events were related to co-sampled atmospheric and oceanic parameters, providing insight into factors that drive particle formation and motivating further study of ocean–atmosphere interactions.
Victoria E. Irish, Pablo Elizondo, Jessie Chen, Cédric Chou, Joannie Charette, Martine Lizotte, Luis A. Ladino, Theodore W. Wilson, Michel Gosselin, Benjamin J. Murray, Elena Polishchuk, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Lisa A. Miller, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10583–10595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10583-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10583-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is a possible source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs). In this study we found that INPs were ubiquitous in the sea-surface microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic. A strong negative correlation was observed between salinity and freezing temperatures (after correcting for freezing point depression). Heat and filtration treatments of the samples showed that the INPs were likely biological material with sizes between 0.02 μm and 0.2 μm in diameter.
Roya Ghahreman, Ann-Lise Norman, Betty Croft, Randall V. Martin, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Julia Burkart, Ofelia Rempillo, Heiko Bozem, Daniel Kunkel, Jennie L. Thomas, Amir A. Aliabadi, Gregory R. Wentworth, Maurice Levasseur, Ralf M. Staebler, Sangeeta Sharma, and W. Richard Leaitch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8757–8770, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8757-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8757-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present spring and summertime vertical profile measurements of Arctic dimethyl sulfide (DMS), together with model simulations to consider what these profiles indicate about DMS sources and lifetimes in the Arctic. Our results highlight the role of local open water as the source of DMS(g) during July 2014 and the influence of long-range transport of DMS(g) from further afield in the Arctic during April 2015.
Hakase Hayashida, Nadja Steiner, Adam Monahan, Virginie Galindo, Martine Lizotte, and Maurice Levasseur
Biogeosciences, 14, 3129–3155, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3129-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3129-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In remote regions, cloud conditions may be strongly influenced by oceanic source of dimethylsulfide (DMS) produced by plankton and bacteria. In the Arctic, sea ice provides an additional source of these aerosols. The results of this study highlight the importance of taking into account both the sea-ice sulfur cycle and ecosystem in the flux estimates of oceanic DMS near the ice margins and identify key uncertainties in processes and rates that would be better constrained by new observations.
Rachel Hussherr, Maurice Levasseur, Martine Lizotte, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Jacoba Mol, Helmuth Thomas, Michel Gosselin, Michel Starr, Lisa A. Miller, Tereza Jarniková, Nina Schuback, and Alfonso Mucci
Biogeosciences, 14, 2407–2427, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2407-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2407-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study assesses the impact of ocean acidification on phytoplankton and its synthesis of the climate-active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS), as well as its modulation, by two contrasting light regimes in the Arctic. The light regimes tested had no significant impact on either the phytoplankton or DMS concentration, whereas both variables decreased linearly with the decrease in pH. Thus, a rapid decrease in surface water pH could alter the algal biomass and inhibit DMS production in the Arctic.
Philippine Campagne, Xavier Crosta, Sabine Schmidt, Marie Noëlle Houssais, Olivier Ther, and Guillaume Massé
Biogeosciences, 13, 4205–4218, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4205-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4205-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Diatoms and biomarkers have been recently used for palaeoclimate reconstructions in the Southern Ocean. Few sediment-based ecological studies have investigated their relationships with environmental conditions. Here, we compare high-resolution sedimentary records with meteorological data to study relationships between our proxies and recent atmospheric and sea surface changes. Our results indicate that coupled wind pattern and sea surface variability act as the proximal forcing at that scale.
Amir A. Aliabadi, Jennie L. Thomas, Andreas B. Herber, Ralf M. Staebler, W. Richard Leaitch, Hannes Schulz, Kathy S. Law, Louis Marelle, Julia Burkart, Megan D. Willis, Heiko Bozem, Peter M. Hoor, Franziska Köllner, Johannes Schneider, Maurice Levasseur, and Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7899–7916, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7899-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7899-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, ship emissions of an ice-breaker, the Amundsen, is characterized while breaking ice in the Canadian Arctic using the plume intercepts by the Polar 6 aircraft. The study is novel, estimating lower plume expansion rates over the stable Arctic marine boundary layer and different emissions factors for oxides of nitrogen, black carbon, and carbon monoxide, compared to plume intercept studies in mid latitudes. These results can inform policy making and emission inventory datasets.
Emma L. Mungall, Betty Croft, Martine Lizotte, Jennie L. Thomas, Jennifer G. Murphy, Maurice Levasseur, Randall V. Martin, Jeremy J. B. Wentzell, John Liggio, and Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6665–6680, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6665-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6665-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Previous work has suggested that marine emissions of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) could impact the Arctic climate through interactions with clouds. We made the first high-time-resolution measurements of summertime atmospheric DMS in the Canadian Arctic, and performed source sensitivity simulations. We found that regional marine sources dominated, but do not appear to be sufficient to explain our observations. Understanding DMS sources in the Arctic is necessary to model future climate in the region.
Roya Ghahreman, Ann-Lise Norman, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Maurice Levasseur, and Jennie L. Thomas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5191–5202, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5191-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5191-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols in six size fractions (> 0.49–7.0 microns) were collected in the Arctic (July 2014). The isotopic composition of sulfate aerosols was measured to determine the role of biogenic and anthropogenic sources in the growth of aerosols. More than 63 % of the average sulfate concentration in the fine aerosols (> 0.49 microns) was from biogenic sources. For some samples, the S isotope ratio values for SO2 and fine aerosols were close together, suggesting the same source for SO2 and aerosol sulfur.
Josiane Mélançon, Maurice Levasseur, Martine Lizotte, Michael Scarratt, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Philippe Tortell, Gui-Peng Yang, Guang-Yu Shi, Huiwang Gao, David Semeniuk, Marie Robert, Michael Arychuk, Keith Johnson, Nes Sutherland, Marty Davelaar, Nina Nemcek, Angelica Peña, and Wendy Richardson
Biogeosciences, 13, 1677–1692, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1677-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1677-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean acidification is likely to affect iron-limited phytoplankton fertilization by desert dust. Short incubations of northeast subarctic Pacific waters enriched with dust and set at pH 8.0 and 7.8 were conducted. Acidification led to a significant reduction (by 16–38 %) of the final concentration of chl a reached after enrichment. These results show that dust deposition events in a low-pH iron-limited ocean are likely to stimulate phytoplankton growth to a lesser extent than in today's ocean.
Gregory R. Wentworth, Jennifer G. Murphy, Betty Croft, Randall V. Martin, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Jean-Sébastien Côté, Isabelle Courchesne, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Jonathan Gagnon, Jennie L. Thomas, Sangeeta Sharma, Desiree Toom-Sauntry, Alina Chivulescu, Maurice Levasseur, and Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1937–1953, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Air near the surface in the summertime Arctic is extremely clean and typically has very low concentrations of both gases and particles. However, atmospheric measurements taken throughout the Canadian Arctic in the summer of 2014 revealed higher-than-expected amounts of gaseous ammonia. It is likely the majority of this ammonia is coming from migratory seabird colonies throughout the Arctic. Seabird guano (dung) releases ammonia which could impact climate and sensitive Arctic ecosystems.
P. Coupel, A. Matsuoka, D. Ruiz-Pino, M. Gosselin, D. Marie, J.-É. Tremblay, and M. Babin
Biogeosciences, 12, 991–1006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-991-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-991-2015, 2015
A. Taalba, H. Xie, M. G. Scarratt, S. Bélanger, and M. Levasseur
Biogeosciences, 10, 6793–6806, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6793-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6793-2013, 2013
M. Ardyna, M. Babin, M. Gosselin, E. Devred, S. Bélanger, A. Matsuoka, and J.-É. Tremblay
Biogeosciences, 10, 4383–4404, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4383-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4383-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function: Marine
Contrasting carbon cycling in the benthic food webs between a river-fed, high-energy canyon and an upper continental slope
A critical trade-off between nitrogen quota and growth allows Coccolithus braarudii life cycle phases to exploit varying environment
Structural complexity and benthic metabolism: resolving the links between carbon cycling and biodiversity in restored seagrass meadows
Building your own mountain: the effects, limits, and drawbacks of cold-water coral ecosystem engineering
Phytoplankton response to increased nickel in the context of ocean alkalinity enhancement
Diversity and density relationships between lebensspuren and tracemaking organisms: a study case from abyssal northwest Pacific
Technical note: An autonomous flow-through salinity and temperature perturbation mesocosm system for multi-stressor experiments
Reviews and syntheses: The clam before the storm – a meta-analysis showing the effect of combined climate change stressors on bivalves
A step towards measuring connectivity in the deep sea: elemental fingerprints of mollusk larval shells discriminate hydrothermal vent sites
Simulated terrestrial runoff shifts the metabolic balance of a coastal Mediterranean plankton community toward heterotrophy
Influence of Oxygen Minimum Zone on Macrobenthic Community Structure in the Northern Benguela Upwelling System: A Macro-Nematode Perspective
Spawner weight and ocean temperature drive Allee effect dynamics in Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua: inherent and emergent density regulation
Bacterioplankton dark CO2 fixation in oligotrophic waters
The bottom mixed layer depth as an indicator of subsurface Chlorophyll a distribution
Ideas and perspectives: The fluctuating nature of oxygen shapes the ecology of aquatic habitats and their biogeochemical cycles – the aquatic oxyscape
Impact of deoxygenation and warming on global marine species in the 21st century
Ecological divergence of a mesocosm in an eastern boundary upwelling system assessed with multi-marker environmental DNA metabarcoding
Unique benthic foraminiferal communities (stained) in diverse environments of sub-Antarctic fjords, South Georgia
Upwelled plankton community modulates surface bloom succession and nutrient availability in a natural plankton assemblage
First phytoplankton community assessment of the Kong Håkon VII Hav, Southern Ocean, during austral autumn
Early life stages of a Mediterranean coral are vulnerable to ocean warming and acidification
Mediterranean seagrasses as carbon sinks: methodological and regional differences
Contrasting vertical distributions of recent planktic foraminifera off Indonesia during the southeast monsoon: implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions
The onset of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the coastal North Sea supports the Disturbance Recovery Hypothesis
Species richness and functional attributes of fish assemblages across a large-scale salinity gradient in shallow coastal areas
Modeling the growth and sporulation dynamics of the macroalga Ulva in mixed-age populations in cultivation and the formation of green tides
Spatial changes in community composition and food web structure of mesozooplankton across the Adriatic basin (Mediterranean Sea)
Predicting mangrove forest dynamics across a soil salinity gradient using an individual-based vegetation model linked with plant hydraulics
Will daytime community calcification reflect reef accretion on future, degraded coral reefs?
Modeling polar marine ecosystem functions guided by bacterial physiological and taxonomic traits
Quantifying functional consequences of habitat degradation on a Caribbean coral reef
Enhanced chlorophyll-a concentration in the wake of Sable Island, eastern Canada, revealed by two decades of satellite observations: a response to grey seal population dynamics?
Population dynamics and reproduction strategies of planktonic foraminifera in the open ocean
The Bouraké semi-enclosed lagoon (New Caledonia) – a natural laboratory to study the lifelong adaptation of a coral reef ecosystem to extreme environmental conditions
Atypical, high-diversity assemblages of foraminifera in a mangrove estuary in northern Brazil
Permanent ectoplasmic structures in deep-sea Cibicides and Cibicidoides taxa – long-term observations at in situ pressure
Ideas and perspectives: Ushering the Indian Ocean into the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (UNDOSSD) through marine ecosystem research and operational services – an early career's take
Persistent effects of sand extraction on habitats and associated benthic communities in the German Bight
Spatial patterns of ectoenzymatic kinetics in relation to biogeochemical properties in the Mediterranean Sea and the concentration of the fluorogenic substrate used
A 2-decade (1988–2009) record of diatom fluxes in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling: impact of low-frequency forcing and a two-step shift in the species composition
Review and syntheses: Impacts of turbidity flows on deep-sea benthic communities
Ideas and perspectives: When ocean acidification experiments are not the same, repeatability is not tested
The effect of the salinity, light regime and food source on carbon and nitrogen uptake in a benthic foraminifer
Changes in population depth distribution and oxygen stratification are involved in the current low condition of the eastern Baltic Sea cod (Gadus morhua)
Effects of spatial variability on the exposure of fish to hypoxia: a modeling analysis for the Gulf of Mexico
Plant genotype determines biomass response to flooding frequency in tidal wetlands
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes
Characterization of particle-associated and free-living bacterial and archaeal communities along the water columns of the South China Sea
Adult life strategy affects distribution patterns in abyssal isopods – implications for conservation in Pacific nodule areas
Diversity and distribution of nitrogen fixation genes in the oxygen minimum zones of the world oceans
Chueh-Chen Tung, Yu-Shih Lin, Jian-Xiang Liao, Tzu-Hsuan Tu, James T. Liu, Li-Hung Lin, Pei-Ling Wang, and Chih-Lin Wei
Biogeosciences, 21, 1729–1756, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1729-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1729-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study contrasts seabed food webs between a river-fed, high-energy canyon and the nearby slope. We show higher organic carbon (OC) flows through the canyon than the slope. Bacteria dominated the canyon, while seabed fauna contributed more to the slope food web. Due to frequent perturbation, the canyon had a lower faunal stock and OC recycling. Only 4 % of the seabed OC flux enters the canyon food web, suggesting a significant role of the river-fed canyon in transporting OC to the deep sea.
Joost de Vries, Fanny Monteiro, Gerald Langer, Colin Brownlee, and Glen Wheeler
Biogeosciences, 21, 1707–1727, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1707-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1707-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Calcifying phytoplankton (coccolithophores) utilize a life cycle in which they can grow and divide into two different phases. These two phases (HET and HOL) vary in terms of their physiology and distributions, with many unknowns about what the key differences are. Using a combination of lab experiments and model simulations, we find that nutrient storage is a critical difference between the two phases and that this difference allows them to inhabit different nitrogen input regimes.
Theodor Kindeberg, Karl Michael Attard, Jana Hüller, Julia Müller, Cintia Organo Quintana, and Eduardo Infantes
Biogeosciences, 21, 1685–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1685-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1685-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Seagrass meadows are hotspots for biodiversity and productivity, and planting seagrass is proposed as a tool for mitigating biodiversity loss and climate change. We assessed seagrass planted in different years and found that benthic oxygen and carbon fluxes increased as the seabed developed from bare sediments to a mature seagrass meadow. This increase was partly linked to the diversity of colonizing algae which increased the light-use efficiency of the seagrass meadow community.
Anna-Selma van der Kaaden, Sandra R. Maier, Siluo Chen, Laurence H. De Clippele, Evert de Froe, Theo Gerkema, Johan van de Koppel, Furu Mienis, Christian Mohn, Max Rietkerk, Karline Soetaert, and Dick van Oevelen
Biogeosciences, 21, 973–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-973-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-973-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Combining hydrodynamic simulations and annotated videos, we separated which hydrodynamic variables that determine reef cover are engineered by cold-water corals and which are not. Around coral mounds, hydrodynamic zones seem to create a typical reef zonation, restricting corals from moving deeper (the expected response to climate warming). But non-engineered downward velocities in winter (e.g. deep winter mixing) seem more important for coral reef growth than coral engineering.
Xiaoke Xin, Giulia Faucher, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 21, 761–772, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-761-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-761-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a promising approach to remove CO2 by accelerating natural rock weathering. However, some of the alkaline substances contain trace metals which could be toxic to marine life. By exposing three representative phytoplankton species to Ni released from alkaline materials, we observed varying responses of phytoplankton to nickel concentrations, suggesting caution should be taken and toxic thresholds should be avoided in OAE with Ni-rich materials.
Olmo Miguez-Salas, Angelika Brandt, Henry Knauber, and Torben Riehl
Biogeosciences, 21, 641–655, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-641-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-641-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the deep sea, the interaction between benthic fauna (tracemakers) and substrate can be preserved as traces (i.e. lebensspuren), which are common features of seafloor landscapes, rendering them promising proxies for inferring biodiversity from marine images. No general correlation was observed between traces and benthic fauna. However, a local correlation was observed between specific stations depending on unknown tracemakers, tracemaker behaviour, and lebensspuren morphotypes.
Cale A. Miller, Pierre Urrutti, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Steeve Comeau, Anaïs Lebrun, Samir Alliouane, Robert W. Schlegel, and Frédéric Gazeau
Biogeosciences, 21, 315–333, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-315-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-315-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work describes an experimental system that can replicate and manipulate environmental conditions in marine or aquatic systems. Here, we show how the temperature and salinity of seawater delivered from a fjord is manipulated to experimental tanks on land. By constantly monitoring temperature and salinity in each tank via a computer program, the system continuously adjusts automated flow valves to ensure the seawater in each tank matches the targeted experimental conditions.
Rachel A. Kruft Welton, George Hoppit, Daniela N. Schmidt, James D. Witts, and Benjamin C. Moon
Biogeosciences, 21, 223–239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-223-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-223-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a meta-analysis of known experimental literature examining how marine bivalve growth rates respond to climate change. Growth is usually negatively impacted by climate change. Bivalve eggs/larva are generally more vulnerable than either juveniles or adults. Available data on the bivalve response to climate stressors are biased towards early growth stages (commercially important in the Global North), and many families have only single experiments examining climate change impacts.
Vincent Mouchi, Christophe Pecheyran, Fanny Claverie, Cécile Cathalot, Marjolaine Matabos, Yoan Germain, Olivier Rouxel, Didier Jollivet, Thomas Broquet, and Thierry Comtet
Biogeosciences, 21, 145–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-145-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-145-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of deep-sea mining will depend critically on the ability of larval dispersal of hydrothermal mollusks to connect and replenish natural populations. However, assessing connectivity is extremely challenging, especially in the deep sea. Here, we investigate the potential of using the chemical composition of larval shells to discriminate larval origins between multiple hydrothermal sites in the southwest Pacific. Our results confirm that this method can be applied with high accuracy.
Tanguy Soulié, Francesca Vidussi, Justine Courboulès, Marie Heydon, Sébastien Mas, Florian Voron, Carolina Cantoni, Fabien Joux, and Behzad Mostajir
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2782, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2782, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Due to climate change, it is projected that extreme rainfall events, bringing terrestrial matter into coastal seas, will occur more frequently in the Mediterranean region. To test the effects of runoffs of terrestrial matter on plankton communities from Mediterranean coastal waters, an in situ mesocosm experiment was conducted. The simulated runoff affected key processes mediated by plankton, such as primary production and respiration, suggesting major consequences of such events.
Hashim Said Mohamed, Beth Wangui Waweru, and Agnes Muthumbi
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-151, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-151, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for BG
Short summary
Short summary
This study looked at the Benguela Upwelling System and its influence on organisms living in the sea bed. Our research found that low dissolved oxygen resulted in reduced species richness and diversity. The density of these organisms peaked at the edge of these hypoxic areas. Hypoxic areas had low diversity, low evenness, and high dominance. Due to this observation, the authors believe that increasing hypoxic areas in the ocean will have a similar influence on organisms as observed in this study.
Anna-Marie Winter, Nadezda Vasilyeva, and Artem Vladimirov
Biogeosciences, 20, 3683–3716, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3683-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3683-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There is an increasing number of fish in poor state, and many do not recover, even when fishing pressure is ceased. An Allee effect can hinder population recovery because it suppresses the fish's productivity at low abundance. With a model fitted to 17 Atlantic cod stocks, we find that ocean warming and fishing can cause an Allee effect. If present, the Allee effect hinders fish recovery. This shows that Allee effects are dynamic, not uncommon, and calls for precautionary management measures.
Afrah Alothman, Daffne López-Sandoval, Carlos M. Duarte, and Susana Agustí
Biogeosciences, 20, 3613–3624, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates bacterial dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fixation in the Red Sea, an oligotrophic ecosystem, using stable-isotope labeling and spectroscopy. The research reveals that bacterial DIC fixation significantly contributes to total DIC fixation, in the surface and deep water. The study demonstrates that as primary production decreases, the role of bacterial DIC fixation increases, emphasizing its importance with photosynthesis in estimating oceanic carbon dioxide production.
Arianna Zampollo, Thomas Cornulier, Rory O'Hara Murray, Jacqueline Fiona Tweddle, James Dunning, and Beth E. Scott
Biogeosciences, 20, 3593–3611, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3593-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3593-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper highlights the use of the bottom mixed layer depth (BMLD: depth between the end of the pycnocline and the mixed layer below) to investigate subsurface Chlorophyll a (a proxy of primary production) in temperate stratified shelf waters. The strict correlation between subsurface Chl a and BMLD becomes relevant in shelf-productive waters where multiple stressors (e.g. offshore infrastructure) will change the stratification--mixing balance and related carbon fluxes.
Marco Fusi, Sylvain Rigaud, Giovanna Guadagnin, Alberto Barausse, Ramona Marasco, Daniele Daffonchio, Julie Régis, Louison Huchet, Capucine Camin, Laura Pettit, Cristina Vina-Herbon, and Folco Giomi
Biogeosciences, 20, 3509–3521, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3509-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3509-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygen availability in marine water and freshwater is very variable at daily and seasonal scales. The dynamic nature of oxygen fluctuations has important consequences for animal and microbe physiology and ecology, yet it is not fully understood. In this paper, we showed the heterogeneous nature of the aquatic oxygen landscape, which we defined here as the
oxyscape, and we addressed the importance of considering the oxyscape in the modelling and managing of aquatic ecosystems.
Anne L. Morée, Tayler M. Clarke, William W. L. Cheung, and Thomas L. Frölicher
Biogeosciences, 20, 2425–2454, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2425-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2425-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean temperature and oxygen shape marine habitats together with species’ characteristics. We calculated the impacts of projected 21st-century warming and oxygen loss on the contemporary habitat volume of 47 marine species and described the drivers of these impacts. Most species lose less than 5 % of their habitat at 2 °C of global warming, but some species incur losses 2–3 times greater than that. We also calculate which species may be most vulnerable to climate change and why this is the case.
Markus A. Min, David M. Needham, Sebastian Sudek, Nathan Kobun Truelove, Kathleen J. Pitz, Gabriela M. Chavez, Camille Poirier, Bente Gardeler, Elisabeth von der Esch, Andrea Ludwig, Ulf Riebesell, Alexandra Z. Worden, and Francisco P. Chavez
Biogeosciences, 20, 1277–1298, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1277-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1277-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Emerging molecular methods provide new ways of understanding how marine communities respond to changes in ocean conditions. Here, environmental DNA was used to track the temporal evolution of biological communities in the Peruvian coastal upwelling system and in an adjacent enclosure where upwelling was simulated. We found that the two communities quickly diverged, with the open ocean being one found during upwelling and the enclosure evolving to one found under stratified conditions.
Wojciech Majewski, Witold Szczuciński, and Andrew J. Gooday
Biogeosciences, 20, 523–544, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-523-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-523-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied foraminifera living in the fjords of South Georgia, a sub-Antarctic island sensitive to climate change. As conditions in water and on the seafloor vary, different associations of these microorganisms dominate far inside, in the middle, and near fjord openings. Assemblages in inner and middle parts of fjords are specific to South Georgia, but they may become widespread with anticipated warming. These results are important for interpretating fossil records and monitoring future change.
Allanah Joy Paul, Lennart Thomas Bach, Javier Arístegui, Elisabeth von der Esch, Nauzet Hernández-Hernández, Jonna Piiparinen, Laura Ramajo, Kristian Spilling, and Ulf Riebesell
Biogeosciences, 19, 5911–5926, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5911-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5911-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated how different deep water chemistry and biology modulate the response of surface phytoplankton communities to upwelling in the Peruvian coastal zone. Our results show that the most influential drivers were the ratio of inorganic nutrients (N : P) and the microbial community present in upwelling source water. These led to unexpected and variable development in the phytoplankton assemblage that could not be predicted by the amount of inorganic nutrients alone.
Hanna M. Kauko, Philipp Assmy, Ilka Peeken, Magdalena Różańska-Pluta, Józef M. Wiktor, Gunnar Bratbak, Asmita Singh, Thomas J. Ryan-Keogh, and Sebastien Moreau
Biogeosciences, 19, 5449–5482, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5449-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5449-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This article studies phytoplankton (microscopic
plantsin the ocean capable of photosynthesis) in Kong Håkon VII Hav in the Southern Ocean. Different species play different roles in the ecosystem, and it is therefore important to assess the species composition. We observed that phytoplankton blooms in this area are formed by large diatoms with strong silica armors, which can lead to high silica (and sometimes carbon) export to depth and be important prey for krill.
Chloe Carbonne, Steeve Comeau, Phoebe T. W. Chan, Keyla Plichon, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, and Núria Teixidó
Biogeosciences, 19, 4767–4777, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4767-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4767-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, our study highlights the synergistic effects of a 9-month warming and acidification combined stress on the early life stages of a Mediterranean azooxanthellate coral, Astroides calycularis. Our results predict a decrease in dispersion, settlement, post-settlement linear extention, budding and survival under future global change and that larvae and recruits of A. calycularis are stages of interest for this Mediterranean coral resistance, resilience and conservation.
Iris E. Hendriks, Anna Escolano-Moltó, Susana Flecha, Raquel Vaquer-Sunyer, Marlene Wesselmann, and Núria Marbà
Biogeosciences, 19, 4619–4637, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4619-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4619-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Seagrasses are marine plants with the capacity to act as carbon sinks due to their high primary productivity, using carbon for growth. This capacity can play a key role in climate change mitigation. We compiled and published data showing that two Mediterranean seagrass species have different metabolic rates, while the study method influences the rates of the measurements. Most communities act as carbon sinks, while the western basin might be more productive than the eastern Mediterranean.
Raúl Tapia, Sze Ling Ho, Hui-Yu Wang, Jeroen Groeneveld, and Mahyar Mohtadi
Biogeosciences, 19, 3185–3208, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3185-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3185-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We report census counts of planktic foraminifera in depth-stratified plankton net samples off Indonesia. Our results show that the vertical distribution of foraminifera species routinely used in paleoceanographic reconstructions varies in hydrographically distinct regions, likely in response to food availability. Consequently, the thermal gradient based on mixed layer and thermocline dwellers also differs for these regions, suggesting potential implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions.
Ricardo González-Gil, Neil S. Banas, Eileen Bresnan, and Michael R. Heath
Biogeosciences, 19, 2417–2426, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2417-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2417-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In oceanic waters, the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in winter, when light still limits growth, is attributed to a decrease in grazing as the mixed layer deepens. However, in coastal areas, it is not clear whether winter biomass can accumulate without this deepening. Using 21 years of weekly data, we found that in the Scottish coastal North Sea, the seasonal increase in light availability triggers the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in winter, when light limitation is strongest.
Birgit Koehler, Mårten Erlandsson, Martin Karlsson, and Lena Bergström
Biogeosciences, 19, 2295–2312, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2295-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2295-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding species richness patterns remains a challenge for biodiversity management. We estimated fish species richness over a coastal salinity gradient (3–32) with a method that allowed comparing data from various sources. Species richness was 3-fold higher at high vs. low salinity, and salinity influenced species’ habitat preference, mobility and feeding type. If climate change causes upper-layer freshening of the Baltic Sea, further shifts along the identified patterns may be expected.
Uri Obolski, Thomas Wichard, Alvaro Israel, Alexander Golberg, and Alexander Liberzon
Biogeosciences, 19, 2263–2271, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2263-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2263-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The algal genus Ulva plays a major role in coastal ecosystems worldwide and is a promising prospect as an seagriculture crop. A substantial hindrance to cultivating Ulva arises from sudden sporulation, leading to biomass loss. This process is not yet well understood. Here, we characterize the dynamics of Ulva growth, considering the potential impact of sporulation inhibitors, using a mathematical model. Our findings are an essential step towards understanding the dynamics of Ulva growth.
Emanuela Fanelli, Samuele Menicucci, Sara Malavolti, Andrea De Felice, and Iole Leonori
Biogeosciences, 19, 1833–1851, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1833-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1833-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Zooplankton play a key role in marine ecosystems, forming the base of the marine food web and a link between primary producers and higher-order consumers, such as fish. This aspect is crucial in the Adriatic basin, one of the most productive and overexploited areas of the Mediterranean Sea. A better understanding of community and food web structure and their response to water mass changes is essential under a global warming scenario, as zooplankton are sensitive to climate change.
Masaya Yoshikai, Takashi Nakamura, Rempei Suwa, Sahadev Sharma, Rene Rollon, Jun Yasuoka, Ryohei Egawa, and Kazuo Nadaoka
Biogeosciences, 19, 1813–1832, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1813-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1813-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a new individual-based vegetation model to investigate salinity control on mangrove productivity. The model incorporates plant hydraulics and tree competition and predicts unique and complex patterns of mangrove forest structures that vary across soil salinity gradients. The presented model does not hold an empirical expression of salinity influence on productivity and thus may provide a better understanding of mangrove forest dynamics in future climate change.
Coulson A. Lantz, William Leggat, Jessica L. Bergman, Alexander Fordyce, Charlotte Page, Thomas Mesaglio, and Tracy D. Ainsworth
Biogeosciences, 19, 891–906, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-891-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-891-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Coral bleaching events continue to drive the degradation of coral reefs worldwide. In this study we measured rates of daytime coral reef community calcification and photosynthesis during a reef-wide bleaching event. Despite a measured decline in coral health across several taxa, there was no change in overall daytime community calcification and photosynthesis. These findings highlight potential limitations of these community-level metrics to reflect actual changes in coral health.
Hyewon Heather Kim, Jeff S. Bowman, Ya-Wei Luo, Hugh W. Ducklow, Oscar M. Schofield, Deborah K. Steinberg, and Scott C. Doney
Biogeosciences, 19, 117–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-117-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-117-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Heterotrophic marine bacteria are tiny organisms responsible for taking up organic matter in the ocean. Using a modeling approach, this study shows that characteristics (taxonomy and physiology) of bacteria are associated with a subset of ecological processes in the coastal West Antarctic Peninsula region, a system susceptible to global climate change. This study also suggests that bacteria will become more active, in particular large-sized cells, in response to changing climates in the region.
Alice E. Webb, Didier M. de Bakker, Karline Soetaert, Tamara da Costa, Steven M. A. C. van Heuven, Fleur C. van Duyl, Gert-Jan Reichart, and Lennart J. de Nooijer
Biogeosciences, 18, 6501–6516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6501-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The biogeochemical behaviour of shallow reef communities is quantified to better understand the impact of habitat degradation and species composition shifts on reef functioning. The reef communities investigated barely support reef functions that are usually ascribed to conventional coral reefs, and the overall biogeochemical behaviour is found to be similar regardless of substrate type. This suggests a decrease in functional diversity which may therefore limit services provided by this reef.
Emmanuel Devred, Andrea Hilborn, and Cornelia Elizabeth den Heyer
Biogeosciences, 18, 6115–6132, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6115-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6115-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A theoretical model of grey seal seasonal abundance on Sable Island (SI) coupled with chlorophyll-a concentration [chl-a] measured by satellite revealed the impact of seal nitrogen fertilization on the surrounding waters of SI, Canada. The increase in seals from about 100 000 in 2003 to about 360 000 in 2018 during the breeding season is consistent with an increase in [chl-a] leeward of SI. The increase in seal abundance explains 8 % of the [chl-a] increase.
Julie Meilland, Michael Siccha, Maike Kaffenberger, Jelle Bijma, and Michal Kucera
Biogeosciences, 18, 5789–5809, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera population dynamics has long been assumed to be controlled by synchronous reproduction and ontogenetic vertical migration (OVM). Due to contradictory observations, this concept became controversial. We here test it in the Atlantic ocean for four species of foraminifera representing the main clades. Our observations support the existence of synchronised reproduction and OVM but show that more than half of the population does not follow the canonical trajectory.
Federica Maggioni, Mireille Pujo-Pay, Jérome Aucan, Carlo Cerrano, Barbara Calcinai, Claude Payri, Francesca Benzoni, Yves Letourneur, and Riccardo Rodolfo-Metalpa
Biogeosciences, 18, 5117–5140, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5117-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5117-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on current experimental evidence, climate change will affect up to 90 % of coral reefs worldwide. The originality of this study arises from our recent discovery of an exceptional study site where environmental conditions (temperature, pH, and oxygen) are even worse than those forecasted for the future.
While these conditions are generally recognized as unfavorable for marine life, we found a rich and abundant coral reef thriving under such extreme environmental conditions.
Nisan Sariaslan and Martin R. Langer
Biogeosciences, 18, 4073–4090, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4073-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4073-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Analyses of foraminiferal assemblages from the Mamanguape mangrove estuary (northern Brazil) revealed highly diverse, species-rich, and structurally complex biotas. The atypical fauna resembles shallow-water offshore assemblages and are interpreted to be the result of highly saline ocean waters penetrating deep into the estuary. The findings contrast with previous studies, have implications for the fossil record, and provide novel perspectives for reconstructing mangrove environments.
Jutta E. Wollenburg, Jelle Bijma, Charlotte Cremer, Ulf Bickmeyer, and Zora Mila Colomba Zittier
Biogeosciences, 18, 3903–3915, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3903-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3903-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Cultured at in situ high-pressure conditions Cibicides and Cibicidoides taxa develop lasting ectoplasmic structures that cannot be retracted or resorbed. An ectoplasmic envelope surrounds their test and may protect the shell, e.g. versus carbonate aggressive bottom water conditions. Ectoplasmic roots likely anchor the specimens in areas of strong bottom water currents, trees enable them to elevate themselves above ground, and twigs stabilize and guide the retractable pseudopodial network.
Kumar Nimit
Biogeosciences, 18, 3631–3635, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Indian Ocean Rim hosts many of the underdeveloped and emerging economies that depend on ocean resources for the livelihood of millions. Operational ocean information services cater to the requirements of resource managers and end-users to efficiently harness resources, mitigate threats and ensure safety. This paper outlines existing tools and explores the ongoing research that has the potential to convert the findings into operational services in the near- to midterm.
Finn Mielck, Rune Michaelis, H. Christian Hass, Sarah Hertel, Caroline Ganal, and Werner Armonies
Biogeosciences, 18, 3565–3577, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3565-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Marine sand mining is becoming more and more important to nourish fragile coastlines that face global change. We investigated the largest sand extraction site in the German Bight. The study reveals that after more than 35 years of mining, the excavation pits are still detectable on the seafloor while the sediment composition has largely changed. The organic communities living in and on the seafloor were strongly decimated, and no recovery is observable towards previous conditions.
France Van Wambeke, Elvira Pulido, Philippe Catala, Julie Dinasquet, Kahina Djaoudi, Anja Engel, Marc Garel, Sophie Guasco, Barbara Marie, Sandra Nunige, Vincent Taillandier, Birthe Zäncker, and Christian Tamburini
Biogeosciences, 18, 2301–2323, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2301-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Michaelis–Menten kinetics were determined for alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase and β-glucosidase in the Mediterranean Sea. Although the ectoenzymatic-hydrolysis contribution to heterotrophic prokaryotic needs was high in terms of N, it was low in terms of C. This study points out the biases in interpretation of the relative differences in activities among the three tested enzymes in regard to the choice of added concentrations of fluorogenic substrates.
Oscar E. Romero, Simon Ramondenc, and Gerhard Fischer
Biogeosciences, 18, 1873–1891, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1873-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1873-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Upwelling intensity along NW Africa varies on the interannual to decadal timescale. Understanding its changes is key for the prediction of future changes of CO2 sequestration in the northeastern Atlantic. Based on a multiyear (1988–2009) sediment trap experiment at the site CBmeso, fluxes and the species composition of the diatom assemblage are presented. Our data help in establishing the scientific basis for forecasting and modeling future states of this ecosystem and its decadal changes.
Katharine T. Bigham, Ashley A. Rowden, Daniel Leduc, and David A. Bowden
Biogeosciences, 18, 1893–1908, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1893-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1893-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Turbidity flows – underwater avalanches – are large-scale physical disturbances believed to have profound impacts on productivity and diversity of benthic communities in the deep sea. We reviewed published studies and found that current evidence for changes in productivity is ambiguous at best, but the influence on regional and local diversity is clearer. We suggest study design criteria that may lead to a better understanding of large-scale disturbance effects on deep-sea benthos.
Phillip Williamson, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Steve Widdicombe, and Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Biogeosciences, 18, 1787–1792, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1787-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1787-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The reliability of ocean acidification research was challenged in early 2020 when a high-profile paper failed to corroborate previously observed impacts of high CO2 on the behaviour of coral reef fish. We now know the reason why: the
replicatedstudies differed in many ways. Open-minded and collaborative assessment of all research results, both negative and positive, remains the best way to develop process-based understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms.
Michael Lintner, Bianca Lintner, Wolfgang Wanek, Nina Keul, and Petra Heinz
Biogeosciences, 18, 1395–1406, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1395-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1395-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are unicellular marine organisms that play an important role in the marine element cycle. Changes of environmental parameters such as salinity or temperature have a significant impact on the faunal assemblages. Our experiments show that changes in salinity immediately influence the foraminiferal activity. Also the light regime has a significant impact on carbon or nitrogen processing in foraminifera which contain no kleptoplasts.
Michele Casini, Martin Hansson, Alessandro Orio, and Karin Limburg
Biogeosciences, 18, 1321–1331, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1321-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1321-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In the past 20 years the condition of the eastern Baltic cod has dropped, with large implications for the fishery. Our results show that simultaneously the cod population has moved deeper while low-oxygenated waters detrimental for cod growth have become shallower. Cod have thus dwelled more in detrimental waters, explaining the drop in its condition. This study, using long-term fish and hydrological monitoring data, evidences the impact of deoxygenation on fish biology and fishing.
Elizabeth D. LaBone, Kenneth A. Rose, Dubravko Justic, Haosheng Huang, and Lixia Wang
Biogeosciences, 18, 487–507, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-487-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-487-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The hypoxic zone is an area of low dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Gulf of Mexico. Fish can be killed by exposure to hypoxia and can be negatively impacted by exposure to low, nonlethal DO concentrations (sublethal DO). We found that high sublethal area resulted in higher exposure and DO variability had a small effect on exposure. There was a large variation in exposure among individuals, which when combined with spatial variability of DO, can result in an underestimation of exposure when averaged.
Svenja Reents, Peter Mueller, Hao Tang, Kai Jensen, and Stefanie Nolte
Biogeosciences, 18, 403–411, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-403-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-403-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
By conducting a flooding experiment with two genotypes of the salt-marsh grass Elymus athericus, we show considerable differences in biomass response to flooding within the same species. As biomass production plays a major role in sedimentation processes and thereby salt-marsh accretion, we emphasise the importance of taking intraspecific differences into account when evaluating ecosystem resilience to accelerated sea level rise.
Cara Nissen and Meike Vogt
Biogeosciences, 18, 251–283, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using a regional Southern Ocean ecosystem model, we find that the relative importance of Phaeocystis and diatoms at high latitudes is controlled by iron and temperature variability, with light levels controlling the seasonal succession in coastal areas. Yet, biomass losses via aggregation and grazing matter as well. We show that the seasonal succession of Phaeocystis and diatoms impacts the seasonality of carbon export fluxes with ramifications for nutrient cycling and food web dynamics.
Jiangtao Li, Lingyuan Gu, Shijie Bai, Jie Wang, Lei Su, Bingbing Wei, Li Zhang, and Jiasong Fang
Biogeosciences, 18, 113–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-113-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-113-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Few studies have focused on the particle-attached (PA) and free-living (FL) microbes of the deep ocean. Here we determined PA and FL microbial communities along depth profiles of the SCS. PA and FL fractions accommodated divergent microbial compositions, and most of them are potentially generalists with PA and FL dual lifestyles. A potential vertical connectivity between surface-specific microbes and those in the deep ocean was indicated, likely through microbial attachment to sinking particles.
Saskia Brix, Karen J. Osborn, Stefanie Kaiser, Sarit B. Truskey, Sarah M. Schnurr, Nils Brenke, Marina Malyutina, and Pedro Martinez Arbizu
Biogeosciences, 17, 6163–6184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6163-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-6163-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Clarion–Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ) located in the Pacific is commercially the most important area of proposed manganese nodule mining. Extraction of this will influence the life and distribution of small deep-sea invertebrates like peracarid crustaceans, of which >90 % are undescribed species new to science. We are doing a species delimitation approach as baseline for an ecological interpretation of species distribution and discuss the results in light of future deep-sea conservation.
Amal Jayakumar and Bess B. Ward
Biogeosciences, 17, 5953–5966, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5953-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5953-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Diversity and community composition of nitrogen-fixing microbes in the three main oxygen minimum zones of the world ocean were investigated using nifH clone libraries. Representatives of three main clusters of nifH genes were detected. Sequences were most diverse in the surface waters. The most abundant OTUs were affiliated with Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. The sequences were biogeographically distinct and the dominance of a few OTUs was commonly observed in OMZs in this (and other) studies.
Cited articles
Agarwal, S., Moon, W., and Wettlaufer, J. S.: Decadal to seasonal variability
of Arctic sea ice albedo, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L20504,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049109, 2011.
Albrecht, B. A.: Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness,
Science, 245, 1227–1231, 1989.
Aliabadi, A. A., Staebler, R. M., de Grandpré, J., Zadra, A., and
Vaillancourt, P. A.: Comparison of Estimated Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Mixing Height in the Arctic and Southern Great Plains under Statically Stable
Conditions: Experimental and Numerical Aspects, Atmos.-Ocean, 54, 60–74,
https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2015.1119100, 2016.
Asher, E. C., Dacey, J. W., Mills, M. M., Arrigo, K. R., and Tortell, P. D.:
High concentrations and turnover rates of DMS, DMSP and DMSO in Antarctic sea
ice, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L23609, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049712, 2011.
Ayers, G. P. and Cainey, J. M.: The CLAW hypothesis: a review of the major
developments, Environ. Chem., 4, 366–374, 2008.
Bates, T. S., Lamb, B. K., Guenther, A., Dignon, J., and Stoiber, R. E.:
Sulfur emissions to the atmosphere from natural sources, J. Atmos. Chem., 14,
315–337, 1992.
Bates, T. S., Kiene, R. P., Wolfe, G. V., Matrai, P. A., Chavez, F. P., Buck,
K. R., Blomquist, B., W., and Cuhel, R. L.: The cycling of sulfur in surface
seawater of the northeast Pacific, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 99, 7835–7843,
1994.
Bérard-Therriault, L., Poulin, M., and Bossé, L.: Guide
d'identification du phytoplancton marin de l'estuaire et du golfe du
Saint-Laurent, incluant également certains protozoaires, Publ. Spéc.
Can. Sci. Halieut. Aquat, 128, 1–387, 1999.
Bopp, L., Boucher, O., Aumont, O., Belviso, S., Dufresne, J. L., Pham, M.,
and Monfray, P.: Will marine dimethylsulfide emissions amplify or alleviate
global warming? A model study, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 61, 826–835, 2004.
Browse, J., Carslaw, K. S., Arnold, S. R., Pringle, K., and Boucher, O.: The
scavenging processes controlling the seasonal cycle in Arctic sulphate and
black carbon aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6775–6798,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6775-2012, 2012.
Burkart, J., Willis, M. D., Bozem, H., Thomas, J. L., Law, K., Hoor, P.,
Aliabadi, A. A., Köllner, F., Schneider, J., Herber, A., Abbatt, J. P.
D., and Leaitch, W. R.: Summertime observations of elevated levels of
ultrafine particles in the high Arctic marine boundary layer, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 17, 5515–5535, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5515-2017, 2017.
Bursa, A.: Phytoplankton in coastal waters of the Arctic Ocean at Point
Barrow, Alaska, Arctic, 16, 239–262, 1963.
Carnat, G., Papakyriakou, T., Geilfus, N., Brabant, F., Delille, B.,
Vancoppenolle, M., Gilson, G., Zhou, J., and Tison, J.: Investigations on
physical and textural properties of Arctic first-year sea ice in the Amundsen
Gulf, Canada, November 2007–June 2008 (IPY-CFL system study), J. Glaciol.,
59, 819–837, 2013.
Carnat, G., Zhou, J., Papakyriakou, T., Delille, B., Goossens, T., Haskell,
T., Schoemann, V., Fripiat, F., Rintala, J.-M., and Tison, J.-L.: Physical
and biogeochemical controls on DMSP dynamics in ice shelf influenced fast ice
during a winter-spring and a spring-summer transitions, J. Geophys.
Res.-Oceans, 119, 2882–2905 2014.
Carslaw, K. S., Lee, L. A., Reddington, C. L., Pringle, K. J., Rap, A.,
Forster, P. M., Mann, G. W., Spracklen, D.V, Woodhouse, M. T., Regayre, L.
A., and Pierce, J. R.: Large contribution of natural aerosols to uncertainty
in indirect forcing. Nature, 503, 67–71, 2013.
Chang, R. Y. W., Sjostedt, S. J., Pierce, J. R., Papakyriakou, T. N.,
Scarratt, M. G., Michaud, S., Levasseur, M., Leaitch, W. R., and Abbatt, J.
P. D.: Relating atmospheric and oceanic DMS levels to particle nucleation
events in the Canadian Arctic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 116, D00S03,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD015926, 2011.
Charette, J., Gosselin, M., Levasseur, M., Poulin, M., Blais, M., Tremblay,
J.-É., and Bélanger, S.: Characterization of melt pond algal
community and their photoprotection strategies in the Canadian Arctic, in
preparation, 2018.
Charlson, R. J., Lovelock, J. E., Andreae, M. O., and Warren, S. G.: Oceanic
phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate, Nature, 326,
655–661, 1987.
Collins, D. B., Burkart, J., Chang, R. Y.-W., Lizotte, M., Boivin-Rioux, A.,
Blais, M., Mungall, E. L., Boyer, M., Irish, V. E., Massé, G., Kunkel,
D., Tremblay, J.-É., Papakyriakou, T., Bertram, A. K., Bozem, H.,
Gosselin, M., Levasseur, M., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Frequent ultrafine
particle formation and growth in Canadian Arctic marine and coastal
environments, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13119–13138,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13119-2017, 2017.
Cox, G. F. and Weeks, W. F.: Equations for determining the gas and brine
volumes in sea ice samples, J. Glaciol., 29, 306–316, 1983.
Croft, B., Martin, R. V., Leaitch, W. R., Tunved, P., Breider, T. J.,
D'Andrea, S. D., and Pierce, J. R.: Processes controlling the annual cycle of
Arctic aerosol number and size distributions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16,
3665–3682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3665-2016, 2016.
Dacey, J. W. and Blough, N. V.: Hydroxide decomposition of
dimethylsulfoniopropionate to form dimethylsulfide, Geophys. Res. Lett., 14,
1246–1249, 1987.
Delille, B., Jourdain, B., Borges, A. V., Tison, J. L., and Delille, D.:
Biogas (CO2, O2, dimethylsulfide) dynamics in spring Antarctic fast
ice, Limnol. Oceanogr., 52, 1367–1379, 2007.
del Valle, D. A., Kieber, D. J., and Kiene, R. P.: Depth-dependent fate of
biologically-consumed dimethylsulfide in the Sargasso Sea, Mar. Chem., 103,
197–208, 2007.
del Valle, D. A. D., Kieber, D. J., Toole, D. A., Brinkley, J., and Kiene, R.
P.: Biological consumption of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and its importance in DMS
dynamics in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, Limnol. Oceanogr., 54, 785–798, 2009.
DiTullio, G. R. and Smith Jr., W. O.: Relationship between dimethylsulfide
and phytoplankton pigment concentrations in the Ross Sea, Antarctica,
Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 42, 873–892, 1995.
Ehn, J. K., Mundy, C. J., Barber, D. G., Hop, H., Rossnagel, A., and Stewart,
J.: Impact of horizontal spreading on light propagation in melt pond covered
seasonal sea ice in the Canadian Arctic, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C00G02,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006908, 2011.
Eicken, H.: Salinity profiles of Antarctic sea ice: Field data and model
results, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15545–15557, 1992.
Eicken, H., Grenfell, T. C., Perovich, D. K., Richter-Menge, J. A., and Frey,
K.: Hydraulic controls of summer Arctic pack ice albedo, J. Geophys.
Res.-Oceans., 109, C08007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001989, 2004.
Elliott, A., Mundy, C. J., Gosselin, M., Poulin, M., Campbell, K., and Wang,
F.: Spring production of mycosporine-like amino acids and other UV-absorbing
compounds in sea ice-associated algae communities in the Canadian Arctic,
Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 541, 91–104, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11540, 2015.
Fetterer, F. and Untersteiner, N.: Observations of melt ponds on Arctic sea
ice, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 103, 24821–24835, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JC02034, 1998.
Fuse, H., Takimura, O., Kamimura, K., Murakami, K., Yamaoka, Y., and Murooka,
Y.: Transformation of dimethyl sulfide and related compounds by cultures and
cell extracts of marine phytoplankton, Biosci. Biotech. Bioch., 59,
1773–1775, 1995.
Galindo, V., Levasseur, M., Mundy, C. J., Gosselin, M., Tremblay, J.-E.,
Scarratt, M., Gratton, Y., Papakiriakou, T., Poulin, M., and Lizotte, M.:
Biological and physical processes influencing sea ice, under-ice algae, and
dimethylsulfoniopropionate during spring in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago,
J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 119, 3746–3766, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JC009497, 2014.
Galindo, V., Levasseur, M., Scarratt, M., Mundy, C. J., Gosselin, M., Kiene,
R. P., Gourdal, M., and Lizotte, M.: Under-ice microbial
dimethylsulfoniopropionate metabolism during the melt period in the Canadian
Arctic Archipelago, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 524, 39–53,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11144, 2015.
Gasol, J. M. and Del Giorgio, P. A.: Using flow cytometry for counting
natural planktonic bacteria and understanding the structure of planktonic
bacterial communities, Sci. Mar., 64, 197–224, 2000.
Ghiglione, J. F., Galand, P. E., Pommier, T., Pedrós-Alió, C., Maas,
E. W., Bakker, K., Bertilson, S., Kirchman, D. L., Lovejoy, C., Yager, P. L.
and Murray A. E.: Pole-to-pole biogeography of surface and deep marine
bacterial communities, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 17633–17638, 2012.
Giamarelou, M., Eleftheriadis, K., Nyeki, S., Tunved, P., Torseth, K., and
Biskos, G.: Indirect evidence of the composition of nucleation mode
atmospheric particles in the high Arctic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121,
965–975, 2016.
González, J. M., Kiene, R. P., and Moran, M. A.: Transformation of Sulfur
Compounds by an Abundant Lineage of Marine Bacteria in the α-Subclass
of the ClassProteobacteria, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65, 3810–3819, 1999.
Gourdal, M., Lizotte, M., and Levasseur, M.: Dimethylsulfide dynamics in
first-year sea ice melt ponds in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, available
at: http://www.polardata.ca (last access: May 2018), last modification
October 2017.
Gow, A. J., Ackley, S. F., Weeks, W. F., and Govoni, J. W.: Physical and
structural characteristics of Antarctic sea ice, Ann. Glaciol., 3, 113–117,
1982.
Gow, A. J., Ackley, S. F., Buck, K. R., and Golden, K. M.: Physical and
structural characteristics of Weddell Sea pack ice, Tech. Rep. 87-14, CRREL
Cold Reg. Res. Eng. Lab., Hanover, N.H, 1987.
Gradinger, R. R., Meiners, K., Plumley, G., Zhang, Q., and Bluhm, B. A.:
Abundance and composition of the sea-ice meiofauna in off-shore pack ice of
the Beaufort Gyre in summer 2002 and 2003, Polar Biol., 28, 171–181,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-004-0674-5, 2005.
Green, T. K. and Hatton, A. D.: The CLAW hypothesis: a new perspective on the
role of biogenic sulphur in the regulation of global climate, Oceanogr. Mar.
Biol., 52, 315–336, 2014.
Gunson, J. R., Spall, S. A., Anderson, T. R., Jones, A., Totterdell, I. J.,
and Woodage, M. J.: Climate sensitivity to ocean dimethylsulphide emissions,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L07701, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024982, 2006.
Haas, C., Thomas, D. N., and Bareiss, J.: Surface properties and processes of
perennial Antarctic sea ice in summer, J. Glaciol., 47, 613–625, 2001.
Hatton, A. D., Darroch, L., and Malin, G.: The role of dimethylsulphoxide in
the marine biogeochemical cycle of dimethylsulphide, Oceanogr. Mar. Biol.,
42, 29–56, 2004.
Hatton, A. D., Shenoy, D. M., Hart, M. C., Mogg, A., and Green, D. H.:
Metabolism of DMSP, DMS and DMSO by the cultivable bacterial community
associated with the DMSP-producing dinoflagellate Scrippsiella trochoidea,
Biogeochemistry, 110, 131–146, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9702-7, 2012.
Holm-Hansen, O., Lorenzen, C. J., Holmes, R. W., and Strickland, J. D.:
Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll ICES, J. Mar. Sci., 30, 3–15,
1965.
Hunke, E. C., Notz, D., Turner, A. K., and Vancoppenolle, M.: The multiphase
physics of sea ice: a review for model developers, The Cryosphere, 5,
989–1009, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-989-2011, 2011.
Jardon, F. P., Vivier, F., Vancoppenolle, M., Lourenço, A.,
Bouruet-Aubertot, P., and Cuypers, Y.: Full-depth desalination of warm sea
ice, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans., 118, 435–447, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JC007962, 2013.
Jung, J., Min, J. O., Yang, E. J., Lee, S. H., and Kang, S. H.: Nutrients in
melt ponds and snows on Arctic sea ice during 2014 sea ice camp, The 21st
International Symposium on Polar Sciences, 19–20 May 2015, KOPRI, Incheon.,
2015.
Karsten, U., Kück, K., Vogt, C., and Kirst, G. O. (Eds.):
Dimethylsulfoniopropionate production in phototrophic organisms and its
physiological functions as a cryoprotectant, in: Biological and environmental
chemistry of DMSP and related sulfonium compounds, Springer, New York, USA,
1996.
Keller, M. D., Bellows, W. K., and Guillard, R. R: Dimethyl sulfide
production in marine phytoplankton: the importance of species composition and
cell size, Biol. Oceanogr, 6, 375–382, 1989.
Kieber, D. J., Jiao, J., Kiene, R. P., and Bates, T. S.: Impact of
dimethylsulfide photochemistry on methyl sulfur cycling in the equatorial
Pacific Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3715–3722, https://doi.org/10.1029/95JC03624,
1996.
Kiene, R. P. and Slezak, D.: Low dissolved DMSP concentrations in seawater
revealed by small-volume gravity filtration and dialysis sampling, Limnol.
Oceanogr.-Meth., 4, 80–95, 2006.
Kiene, R. P., Linn, L. J., and Bruton, J. A.: New and important roles for
DMSP in marine microbial communities, J. Sea Res., 43, 209–224, 2000.
Kirst, G. O., Thiel, C., Wolff, H., Nothnagel, J., Wanzek, M., and Ulmke, R.:
Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in icealgae and its possible biological
role, Mar. Chem., 35, 381–388, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(09)90030-5, 1991.
Korhonen, H., Carslaw, K. S., Forster, P. M., Mikkonen, S., Gordon, N. D.,
and Kokkola, H.: Aerosol climate feedback due to decadal increases in
Southern Hemisphere wind speeds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02805,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL041320, 2010.
Kwok, R., Cunningham, G. F., Wensnahan, M., Rigor, I., Zwally, H. J., and Yi,
D.: Thinning and volume loss of the Arctic Ocean sea ice cover: 2003–2008:
J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 114, C07005, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005312, 2009.
Lana, A., Bell, T. G., Simó, R., Vallina, S. M., Ballabrera-Poy, J.,
Kettle, A. J., Dachs, J., Bopp, L., Saltzman, E. S., Stefels, J., Johnson, J.
E., and Liss, P. S.: An updated climatology of surface dimethlysulfide
concentrations and emission fluxes in the global ocean, Global Biogeochem.
Cy., 25, GB1004, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003850, 2011.
Lebaron, P., Servais, P., Agogué, H., Courties, C., and Joux, F.: Does
the high nucleic acid content of individual bacterial cells allow us to
discriminate between active cells and inactive cells in aquatic systems?,
Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 67, 1775–1782, 2001.
Leck, C. and Bågander, L. E.: Determination of reduced sulfur compounds
in aqueous solutions using gas chromatography-flame photometric detection,
Anal. Chem., 60, 1680–1683, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00168a011, 1988.
Leck, C. and Persson, C.: The central Arctic Ocean as a source of dimethyl
sulfide: seasonal variability in relation to biological activity, Tellus B,
48, 156–177, 1996.
Lee, P. A. and De Mora, S. J.: Intracellular dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in
unicellular marine algae: speculations on its origin and possible biological
role, J. Phycol., 35, 8–18, 1999.
Lee, P. A., De Mora, S. J., Gosselin, M., Levasseur, M., Bouillon, R. C.,
Nozais, C., and Michel, C.: Particulate dimethylsulfoxide in Arctic sea-ice
algal communities: The cryoprotectant hypothesis revisited, J. Phycol., 37,
488–499, 2001.
Lee, S. H., Stockwell, D. A., Joo, H.-M., Son, Y. B., Kang, C.-K., and
Whitledge, T. E.: Phytoplankton production from melting ponds on Arctic sea
ice, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C04030, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007717, 2012.
Legendre, L., Ackley, S. F., Dieckmann, G. S., Gulliksen, B., Horner, R.,
Hoshiai, T., Melnikov, I. A., Reeburgh, W. S., Spindler, M., and Sullivan, C.
W.: Ecology of sea ice biota, Polar Biol., 12, 429–444, 1992.
Leppäranta, M. and Manninen, T.: The brine and gas content of sea ice
with attention to low salinities and high temperatures, Internal Rep., 1–14,
Finn. Inst. of Mar. Res., Helsinki, 1988.
Levasseur, M.: Impact of Arctic meltdown on the microbial cycling of sulphur,
Nat. Geosci., 6, 691–700, 2013.
Levasseur, M., Gosselin, M., and Michaud, S.: A new source of dimethylsulfide
(DMS) for the arctic atmosphere: ice diatoms, Mar. Biol., 121, 381–387,
1994.
Lizotte, M., Levasseur, M., Michaud, S., Scarratt, M. G., Merzouk, A.,
Gosselin, M., and Kiene, R. P.: Macroscale patterns of the biological cycling
of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the
Northwest Atlantic, Biogeochemistry, 110, 183–200,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9698-4, 2012.
Locarnini, S. J. P., Turner, S. M., and Liss, P. S.: The distribution of
dimethylsulfide, DMS, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate, DMSP, in waters off the
Western Coast of Ireland, Cont, Shelf Res., 18, 1455–1473, 1998.
Luce, M., Levasseur, M., Scarratt, M. G., Michaud, S., Royer, S. J., Kiene,
R., Lovejoy, C., Gosselin, M., Poulin, M., Gratton, Y., and Lizotte, M.:
Distribution and microbial metabolism of dimethylsulfoniopropionate and
dimethylsulfide during the 2007 Arctic ice minimum, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans,
116, C00G06, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006914, 2011.
Lund, J. W. G., Kipling, C., and Le Cren, E. D.: The inverted microscope
method of estimating algal numbers and the statistical basis of estimations
by counting, Hydrobiologia, 11, 143–170, 1958.
Lüthje, M., Feltham, D. L., Taylor, P. D., and Worster, M. G.: Modeling
the summertime evolution of sea-ice melt ponds, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 111,
C02001, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002818, 2006.
Lyon, B. R., Bennett-Mintz, J. M., Lee, P. A., Janech, M. G., and DiTullio,
G. R.: Role of dimethylsulfoniopropionate as an osmoprotectant following
gradual salinity shifts in the sea-ice diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus,
Environ. Chem., 13, 181–194, 2016.
Malin, G., Turner, S., Liss, P., Holligan, P., and Harbour, D.:
Dimethylsulphide and dimethylsulphoniopropionate in the Northeast Atlantic
during the summer coccolithophore bloom, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 40, 1487–1508,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(93)90125-M, 1993.
Marie, D., Simon, N., and Vaulot, D. (Eds.): Phytoplankton cell counting by
flow cytometry. Andersen R., Algal culturing techniques, Academic Press,
London, UK, 2005.
Massom, R. A., Stammerjohn, S. E., Smith, R. C., Pook, M. J., Iannuzzi, R.
A., Adams, N., Martinson, D. G., Vernet, M., Fraser, W. R., Quetin, L. B.,
Ross, R. M., Massom, Y., and Krouse, R. H.: Extreme anomalous atmospheric
circulation in the West Antarctic Peninsula region in austral spring and
summer 2001/02, and its profound impact on sea ice and biota, J. Climate, 19,
3544–3571, 2006.
Matrai, P. A. and Vernet, M.: Dynamics of the vernal bloom in the marginal
ice zone of the Barents Sea: Dimethyl sulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate
budgets, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 102, 22965–22979, 1997.
McArdle, N. C. and Liss, P. S.: Isotopes and atmospheric sulphur, Atmos.
Environ., 29, 2553–2556, https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00188-5, 1995.
Miller, L. A., Fripiat, F., Else, B. G. T., Bowman, J. S., Brown, K. A.,
Collins, R. E., Ewert, M, Fransson, A., Gosselin, M., Lannuzel, D., Meiners,
K. M., Michel, C., Nishioka, J., Nomura, D., Papadimitriou, S., Russell, L.
M., Sørensen, L. L., Thomas, D. N., Tison, J.-L., van Leeuwe, M. A.,
Vancoppenolle, M., Wolff, E. W., and Zhou J.: Methods for biogeochemical
studies of sea ice: The state of the art, caveats, and recommendations, Elem.
Sci. Anth., 3, 53, https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000038, 2015.
Mungall, E. L., Croft, B., Lizotte, M., Thomas, J. L., Murphy, J. G.,
Levasseur, M., Martin, R. V., Wentzell, J. J. B., Liggio, J., and Abbatt, J.
P. D.: Dimethyl sulfide in the summertime Arctic atmosphere: measurements and
source sensitivity simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6665–6680,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6665-2016, 2016.
Niki, T., Kunugi, M., and Otsuki, A.: DMSP-lyase activity in five marine
phytoplankton species: its potential importance in DMS production, Mar.
Biol., 136, 759–764, 2000.
Nomura, D., Koga, S., Kasamatsu, N., Shinagawa, H., Simizu, D., Wada, M., and
Fukuchi, M.: Direct measurements of DMS flux from Antarctic fast sea ice to
the atmosphere by a chamber technique, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, 2012.
Pandey, S. K. and Kim, K. H.: A review of methods for the determination of
reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) in air, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43,
3020–3029, https://doi.org/10.1021/es803272f, 2009.
Parsons, T. R., Maita, Y., and Lalli, C. M.: A manual of biological and
chemical methods for seawater analysis, Publ. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1984.
Perovich, D. K., Richter-Menge, J. A., Jones, K. F., Light, B., Elder, B. C.,
Polashenski, C., Laroche, D., Markus, T., and Lindsay, R.: Arctic sea-ice
melt in 2008 and the role of solar heating, Ann. Glaciol., 52, 355–359,
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756411795931714, 2011.
Petrich, C. and Eicken H.: Growth, structure and properties of sea ice, in:
Sea Ice, edited by: Thomas, D. N. and Dieckmann, G. S., 23–77, Blackwell,
Oxford, UK, 2010.
Pio, C. A., Castro, L. M., Cerqueira, M. A., Santos, I. M., Belchior, F., and
Salgueiro, M. L.: Source assessment of particulate air pollutants measured at
the southwest European coast, Atmos. Environ., 30, 3309–3320,
https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(96)00058-1, 1996.
Polashenski, C., Perovich, D., and Courville, Z.: The mechanisms of sea ice
melt pond formation and evolution, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, C01001,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007231, 2012.
Polashenski, C., Golden, K. M., Perovich, D. K., Skyllingstad, E., Arnsten,
A., Stwertka, C., and Wright, N.: Percolation blockage: A process that
enables melt pond formation on first year Arctic sea ice, J. Geophys.
Res.-Oceans, 122, 413–440, 2017.
Quinn, P. K. and Bates, T. S.: The case against climate regulation via
oceanic phytoplankton sulphur emissions, Nature, 480, 51–56,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10580, 2011.
R Core Team: A language and environment for statistical computing, R
Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, available at:
https://www.R-project.org/ (last access: November 2017), 2016.
Rempillo, O., Seguin, A. M., Norman, A.-L., Scarratt, M., Michaud, S., Chang,
R., Sjostedt, S., Abbatt, J., Else, B., Papakyriakou, T., Sharma, S., Grasby,
S., and Levasseur, M.: Dimethyl sulfide air-sea fluxes and biogenic sulfur as
a source of new aerosols in the Arctic fall, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D00S04,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016336, 2011.
Rösel, A., Kaleschke, L., and Birnbaum, G.: Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice
determined from MODIS satellite data using an artificial neural network, The
Cryosphere, 6, 431–446, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-431-2012, 2012.
Royer, S. J., Galí, M., Mahajan, A. S., Ross, O. N., Pérez, G. L.,
Saltzman, E. S., and Simó, R.: A high-resolution time-depth view of
dimethylsulphide cycling in the surface sea, Sci. Rep.-UK., 6, 32325,
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32325, 2016.
Scarratt, M. G., Levasseur, M., Schultes, S., Michaud, S., Cantin, G.,
Vezina, A., and De Mora, S. J.: Production and consumption of dimethylsulfide
(DMS) in North Atlantic waters, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 204, 13–26,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps204013, 2000.
Sharma, S., Barrie, L. A., Plummer, D., McConnell, J. C., Brickell, P. C.,
Levasseur, M., Gosselin, M., and Bates, T. S.: Flux estimation of oceanic
dimethyl sulfide around North America, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 21327–21342,
1999.
Simó, R.: Production of atmospheric sulfur by oceanic plankton:
biogeochemical, ecological and evolutionary links, Trends Ecol. Evol., 16,
287–294, 2001.
Simó, R. and Pedrós-Alió, C.: Role of vertical mixing in
controlling the oceanic production of dimethyl sulphide, Nature, 402,
396–399, 1999a.
Simó, R. and Pedrós-Alió, C.: Short-term variability in the open
ocean cycle of dimethylsulfide, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 13, 1173–1181,
1999b.
Simó, R., Pedrós-Alió, C., Malin, G., and Grimalt, J. O.:
Biological turnover of DMS, DMSP and DMSO in contrasting open-sea waters,
Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 203, 1–11, 2000.
Skyllingstad, E. D. and Paulson, C. A.: A numerical study of melt ponds, J.
Geophys. Res., 112, C08015, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003729, 2007.
Sokal, R. R. and Rohlf, F. J. (Eds): Biometry: the principles and practice of
statistics in biological research, WH Freeman and Co., New York, USA, 1995.
Sørensen, H. L., Thamdrup, B., Jeppesen, E., Rysgaard, S., and Glud, R.
N.: Nutrient availability limits biological production in Arctic sea ice melt
ponds, Polar Biol., 40, 1593–1606, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2082-7, 2017.
Spiese, C. E., Kieber, D. J., Nomura, C. T., and Kiene, R. P.: Reduction of
dimethylsulfoxide to dimethylsulfide by marine phytoplankton, Limnol.
Oceanogr., 54, 560–570, 2009.
Stefels, J.: Physiological aspects of the production and conversion of DMSP
in marine algae and higher plants, J. Sea Res., 43, 183–197, 2000.
Stefels, J., Steinke, M., Turner, S., Malin, G., and Belviso, S.:
Environmental constraints on the production and removal of the climatically
active gas dimethylsulphide (DMS) and implications for ecosystem modelling,
Biogeochemistry, 83, 245–275, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-007-9091-5, 2007.
Stohl, A.: Characteristics of atmospheric transport into the Arctic
troposphere, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D11306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006888,
2006.
Stroeve, J. C., Markus, T., Boisvert, L., Miller, J., and Barrett, A.:
Changes in Arctic melt season and implications for sea ice loss, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 41, 1216–1225, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058951, 2014.
Sunda, W. K. D. J., Kieber, D. J., Kiene, R. P., and Huntsman, S.: An
antioxidant function for DMSP and DMS in marine algae, Nature, 418, 317–320,
2002.
Thomas, M. A., Suntharalingam, P., Pozzoli, L., Rast, S., Devasthale, A.,
Kloster, S., Feichter, J., and Lenton, T. M.: Quantification of DMS
aerosol-cloud-climate interactions using the ECHAM5-HAMMOZ model in a current
climate scenario, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7425–7438,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7425-2010, 2010.
Throndsen, J., Hasle, G. R., and Tangen, K. (Eds.): Phytoplankton of
Norwegian coastal waters, Almater Forlag AS, Oslo, Norway, 2003.
Tison, J. L., Brabant, F., Dumont, I., and Stefels, J.: High-resolution
dimethyl sulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate time series profiles in
decaying summer first-year sea ice at Ice Station Polarstern, western Weddell
Sea, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 115, G04044,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001427, 2010.
Tomas, C. R. and Hasle, G. R. (Eds.): Identifying marine phytoplankton,
Academic Press, New York, USA, 1997.
Trevena, A. J. and Jones, G. B.: Dimethylsulphide and
dimethylsulphoniopropionate in Antarctic sea ice and their release during sea
ice melting, Mar. Chem., 98, 210–222, 2006.
Trevena, A. J., Jones, G. B., Wright, S. W., and Van den Enden, R. L.:
Profiles of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP), algal pigments, nutrients,
and salinity in the fast ice of Prydz Bay, Antarctica, J. Geophys.
Res.-Oceans, 108, 3145, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001369, 2003.
Turner, S. M., Nightingale, P. D., Broadgate, W., and Liss, P. S.: The
distribution of dimethyl sulphide and dimethylsulphoniopropionate in
Antarctic waters and sea ice, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 42, 1059–1080, 1995.
Twomey, S.: Pollution and the planetary albedo, Atmos. Environ, 8,
1251–1256, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(74)90004-3, 1974.
van Bergeijk, S. A. and Stal, L. J.: The role of oxygenic phototrophic
microorganisms in production and conversion of dimethylsulfoniopropioniate
and dimethylsulfide in microbial mats, In Biological and Environmental
Chemistry of DMSP and Related Sulfonium Compounds, 369–379, Springer,
Boston, MA, 1996.
Vancoppenolle, M., Bitz, C. M., and Fichefet, T., Summer landfast sea ice
desalination at point barrow: Model and observations, J. Geophys. Res., 112,
C04022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003493, 2007.
Vancoppenolle, M., Goosse, H., De Montety, A., Fichefet, T., Tremblay, B.,
and Tison, J. L.: Modeling brine and nutrient dynamics in Antarctic sea ice:
The case of dissolved silica, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 115, C02005,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC00536, 2010.
Vila-Costa, M., Simó, R., Harada, H., Gasol, J. M., Slezak, D., and
Kiene, R. P.: Dimethylsulfoniopropionate uptake by marine phytoplankton,
Science, 314, 652–654, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131043, 2006.
Vila-Costa, M., Simó, R., Alonso-Sáez, L., and Pedrós-Alió,
C.: Number and phylogenetic affiliation of bacteria assimilating
dimethylsulfoniopropionate and leucine in the ice-covered coastal Arctic
Ocean, J. Marine Syst., 74, 957–963, 2008.
Vogt, C., Rabenstein, A., Rethmeier, J., and Fischer, U.: Dimethyl sulphoxide
reduction with reduced sulphur compounds as electron donors by anoxygenic
phototrophic bacteria, Microbiology, 143, 767–773, 1997.
Welsh, D. T.: Ecological significance of compatible solute accumulation by
micro-organisms: from single cells to global climate, FEMS Microbiol. Rev.,
24, 263–290, 2000.
Weeks, W. F. and Ackley, S. F.: The growth, structure, and properties of sea
ice, in: The geophysics of sea ice, 9–164, Springer, Boston, MA, 1986.
Willis, M. D., Burkart, J., Thomas, J. L., Köllner, F., Schneider, J.,
Bozem, H., Hoor, P. M., Aliabadi, A. A., Schulz, H., Herber, A. B., Leaitch,
W. R., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Growth of nucleation mode particles in the
summertime Arctic: a case study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7663–7679,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7663-2016, 2016.
Wolfe, G. V., Levasseur, M., Cantin, G., and Michaud, S.: Microbial
consumption and production of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Labrador Sea,
Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 18, 197–205, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame018197, 1999.
Woodhouse, M. T., Carslaw, K. S., Mann, G. W., Vallina, S. M., Vogt, M.,
Halloran, P. R., and Boucher, O.: Low sensitivity of cloud condensation
nuclei to changes in the sea-air flux of dimethyl-sulphide, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 10, 7545–7559, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7545-2010, 2010.
Zemmelink, H. J., Gieskes, W. W. C., Klaassen, W., De Groot, H. W., De Baar,
H. J. W., Dacey, J. W. H., Hintsa, E. J., and McGillis, W. R.: Simultaneous
use of relaxed eddy accumulation and gradient flux techniques for the
measurement of sea-to-air exchange of dimethyl sulphide, Atmos. Environ., 36,
5709–5717, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00577-0, 2002.
Zemmelink, H. J., Dacey, J. W., Houghton, L., Hintsa, E. J., and Liss, P. S.:
Dimethylsulfide emissions over the multi-year ice of the western Weddell Sea,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L06603, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031847, 2008.
Short summary
Melt ponds (MP) forming over first year ice (FYI) represent a potential source of the climate-relevant gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) to the atmosphere. Nine MP were sampled in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. DMS concentrations reaching up to 6 nmol L−1, twice the world's surface oceanic mean, were measured. Seawater intrusion appeared to seed MP with DMS-producing communities. DMS flux from Arctic MP is expected to increase in response to the expanding areal and temporal trends of MP on FYI.
Melt ponds (MP) forming over first year ice (FYI) represent a potential source of the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint