Biogeosciences www.biogeosciences.net 1726-4170 1726-4189 6 1 2009 10.5194/bg-6-1-2009 http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/1/2009/ http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/1/2009/bg-6-1-2009.html http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/1/2009/bg-6-1-2009.pdf 1 14 2009-01-05 Calcium isotopic composition of high-latitude proxy carrier Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) D. Hippler dorothee.hippler@falw.vu.nl R. Kozdon K. F. Darling A. Eisenhauer T. F. Nägler Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Kiel, Germany Grant Institute of Earth Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK now at: Department of Sedimentology and Marine Geology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands now at: Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA The accurate reconstruction of sea surface temperature (SST) history in climate-sensitive regions (e.g. tropical and polar oceans) became a challenging task in palaeoceanographic research. Biogenic shell carbonate SST proxies successfully developed for tropical regions often fail in cool water environments. Their major regional shortcomings and the cryptic diversity now found within the major high latitude proxy carrier Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) highlight an urgent need to explore complementary SST proxies for these cool-water regions. Here we incorporate the genetic component into a calibration study of a new SST proxy for the high latitudes. We found that the calcium isotopic composition (δ44/40Ca) of calcite from genotyped net catches and core-top samples of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) is related to temperature and unaffected by genetic variations. The temperature sensitivity has been found to be 0.17 (±0.02)&permil; per 1°C, highlighting its potential for downcore applications in open marine cool-water environments. Our results further indicate that in extreme polar environments, below a critical threshold temperature of 2.0 (±0.5)°C associated with salinities below 33.0 (±0.5)&permil;, a prominent shift in biomineralization affects the δ44/40Ca of genotyped and core-top N. pachyderma (sin.), becoming insensitive to temperature. 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